This library is built in the open.
If you spot an error, have a suggestion, or just want to say hello — we’d love to hear from you.
Wikimedia Commons · CC0 1.0 · Hover to magnify, click for fullscreen
Original fileThe Princess is shown in half-length, wearing a high ruff and jeweled dress, with her hand resting on a small book. The elaborate Mannerist border contains four corner vignettes representing the classical elements—Earth, Water, Air, and Fire—each featuring a Latin motto and figures interacting with the natural world. The top of the composition includes a coat of arms and the Hebrew Tetragrammaton shining within the clouds of the first two elemental scenes.
This print by Hendrick Goltzius exemplifies Haarlem Mannerism's interest in integrating human portraiture with the macrocosm through the four elements. The use of the 'Aurora' (Dawn) motto and the Tetragrammaton reflects a synthesis of political loyalty and the late Renaissance philosophical preoccupation with divine light and providential order.
CAROLA BVRBONIA D. G. PRIN. AVR. CO. NASS. & C. AT. AN. XXXIII. A. CIƆ . IƆ . LXXXI. VNA SOLA AVRORA HA DE VENCER MI NOCHE Non ignara ortus terreni. Hac abluor unda. Hac aurâ recreor. Coelesti hoc excoquor igne. Goltzius fecit Huius me curæ sociam, comitemq. pericli, Quo res cunq. modo, Coniux, fors verset, habebis. Vna etenim noctis tenebras aurora fugabit, Et nos vivifici lustrabit lampade solis.
Translation
Charlotte of Bourbon, by the grace of God Princess of Orange, Countess of Nassau, &c., at the age of 33, in the year 1581. A single dawn must conquer my night. Not ignorant of my earthly origin. By this wave I am cleansed. By this breeze I am refreshed. By this heavenly fire I am refined. Goltzius made this. Of this care, and of the companion of my peril, Whatever way fortune may turn matters, Husband, you shall have me. For a single dawn shall put to flight the shadows of night, And the sun of life shall illuminate us with its lamp.
Natural Philosophy
The inclusion of the four elements (Earth, Water, Air, Fire) framing a human subject reflects the Renaissance concept of the microcosm within the macrocosm.
Object
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
paper
height 268 mm x width 184 mm
portrait
Linked Data
AI AI-cataloged fields generated by gemini-3-flash-preview on April 1, 2026. Getty identifiers are AI-inferred and may require verification.