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Original filePharaoh sits in his chariot as massive waves and clouds of smoke overwhelm his army, while a pillar of fire descends from the sky. The elaborate border contains medallions and square corner scenes showing figures such as Saul, Haman, and Abimelech meeting their violent fates. The print uses dramatic, swirling line-work characteristic of the Haarlem Mannerist style to convey the power of divine judgment.
This work illustrates the concept of Divine Justice and the inevitable downfall of earthly pride (hubris). It reflects the late 16th-century interest in moralized allegories that interpret biblical history as a series of universal philosophical lessons on the nature of power and providence.
PVNITIO TIRANNORVM. Oportebat enim illis sine excusatione quidem supervenire interitum exercentibus tirannidem. Sap. 16. 4. Et ecce una mulier fragmē mola desup iaciēs, illisit capiti Abimelech, et cōfregit cerebrū ei. Iud. 9. 53. Dixitqz Saul ad armigerum suū, evagina gladiū tuū et percute me: ne forte veniat incūcuta. 1. Regu. 31. 4. Dixitqz Adonibezec: 70 Reges aputatis manū ac pedū sūmitatib, colligebāt sub mēsa mea ci. Iudicu. 1. 7. Occidit autē Iacobū fratrē Iohis gladio — Percussit autē eū Angelus Dni. Actoru. 12. 2. 23. Vir autē qudā tetēdit arcu in incertū sagitta dirigēs et casu percussit regē Israel. 3. Regu. 22. 34. Suspensus itaque est Aman in patibulo quod paravrat Mardochaeo. Esther 7. 11. P. GALLEVS. EXCVDE.
Translation
PUNISHMENT OF TYRANTS. For to those who were exercising tyranny, it was fitting that destruction should come upon them even without excuse. Wis. 16. 4. And behold a certain woman cast a piece of a millstone from above, and dashed the head of Abimelech, and broke his skull. Judg. 9. 53. And Saul said to his armourbearer: Draw thy sword, and kill me: lest perhaps it come to pass. 1 Kings 31. 4. And Adonibezec said: Seventy kings having their hands and feet cut off, gathered under my table. Judges 1. 7. And he killed James the brother of John with the sword — And forthwith an angel of the Lord struck him. Acts 12. 2, 23. And a certain man bent his bow, aiming at a venture, and by chance struck the king of Israel. 3 Kings 22. 34. So Haman was hanged on the gibbet which he had prepared for Mardochai. Esther 7. 10. P. GALLEUS EXECUTED THIS.
Wisdom of Solomon
The primary text cited in the main inscription (Chapter 16), describing the necessary destruction of those who practice tyranny.
Object
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Engraving
allegory
Digital Source
Wikimedia Commons · CC0
This file was donated to Wikimedia Commons as part of a project by the Metropolitan Museum of Art. See the Image and Data Resources Open Access Policy
Creative Commons Zero, Public Domain Dedication
2653 × 3551 px
2ead01324bb905f89e7927e90228d5f84a97254b
July 11, 2017
March 23, 2026
Linked Data
AI AI-cataloged fields generated by gemini-3-flash-preview on April 1, 2026. Getty identifiers are AI-inferred and may require verification.