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Original fileA woman labeled Bona Causa runs through a gauntlet of men in 16th-century legal and academic attire who strike at her with long poles. These men represent the systemic failures of the law, labeled as false witnesses, negligent procurators, and unjust judges. In the background, the winged figure of Victory waits with a laurel wreath, signifying the difficult path truth must take to reach a successful verdict.
This print reflects the moral and philosophical concerns of the Haarlem Mannerists, specifically the circle of Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert, who emphasized personal ethics and the corruption of earthly institutions. It illustrates the Neoplatonic and humanist struggle of the 'Good' (Agathos) trying to navigate a fallen, material world governed by human vice.
Lites venales Procuratores infideles Advocati perit. Judices iusti Victoria Bona Causa Testes falsi Procuratores negligentes Advocati iperiti Judices Injusti Goede saec moet dic na zeech door den spiesen danssen : 7. Voor goey rechters ist goet, anders, ist mommescanssen. Accipere personam impij in iudicio, non est bonum, vt declines a veritate iudicij. Pro. 18. Consilia impiorum fraudulenta. Pro. 12. Consilium inopis confudistis. Psalm. 14. Sicut acetum dentibus, et fumus oculis, sic piger his qui miserüt eum. Prouerb. 10. Iaculi, et gladius, et sagitta acuta, homo qui loquitur cötra proximū suū falsū testimoniū. pro. 25. Vast bösz ists so mā am gericht dē vnschuldigē vssz äsche des gotlosen verurteilt . Die ratsleg der gotlosen sind falsch. -- Ir habend den raat des armen verspottet . Wie der effig dē zäne ist, vnd der rauch dē auge, also ist der faul denē die in aussendend. Der wider seinē nächstē falsche zeugnuß gibt, ist wie ein bickel, ein schwert vñ scharpffe pfeil.
Translation
Venal lawsuits Unfaithful attorneys Inexperienced advocates Just judges Victory Good Cause False witnesses Negligent attorneys Inexperienced advocates Unjust judges A good cause must speak for itself through the dance of spears: 7. For good judges it is good, otherwise, it is a masquerade. To respect the person of the wicked in judgment, to decline from the truth of judgment, is not good. Prov. 18. The counsels of the wicked are deceitful. Prov. 12. You have shamed the counsel of the poor. Psalm 14. As vinegar to the teeth, and smoke to the eyes, so is the sluggard to them that sent him. Proverbs 10. A maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow, is a man that speaketh against his neighbour a false witness. Prov. 25. It is a great evil when one at court condemns the innocent out of the ashes of the godless. The counsels of the godless are false. -- You have mocked the counsel of the poor. As vinegar is to the teeth, and smoke to the eyes, so is the lazy one to those who send him out. He who gives false testimony against his neighbor is like a war-hammer, a sword, and a sharp arrow.
Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert
Coornhert was Goltzius's mentor and a philosopher who wrote extensively on legal ethics and the necessity of inner virtue over corrupt external laws.
Object
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Engraving
allegory
Digital Source
Wikimedia Commons · CC0
This file was donated to Wikimedia Commons as part of a project by the Metropolitan Museum of Art. See the Image and Data Resources Open Access Policy
Creative Commons Zero, Public Domain Dedication
4000 × 2807 px
f980afa9ad49dcdc3c47ff2ca9d85e8a78b3e782
July 11, 2017
March 23, 2026
Linked Data
AI AI-cataloged fields generated by gemini-3-flash-preview on April 1, 2026. Getty identifiers are AI-inferred and may require verification.