Sala di Costantino

This monumental hall features expansive wall frescoes that simulate hanging tapestries, most notably the Battle of the Milvian Bridge and the Vision of the Cross. Early Popes are depicted in niches flanked by allegorical figures of the Virtues, such as Justice and Moderation, while the vault above shows the triumph of the Christian cross over a fallen pagan idol. The decorative program uses a complex architectural frame to merge historical narrative with religious and political allegory.

The room represents the High Renaissance synthesis of Roman history and Christian theology, specifically illustrating the 'Donation of Constantine' to justify the Papacy's temporal power. It reflects the influence of Humanist scholars at the papal court who sought to reconcile the classical tradition with the providential history of the Church.