The School of Athens by Raphael (5986706441)

Plato and Aristotle stand at the center of the composition, framed by a series of grand arches and engaged in a spirited debate. Various thinkers occupy the foreground and steps, including Pythagoras writing in a book and Euclid demonstrating a geometric principle to students. The architecture features statues of Apollo and Minerva, symbolizing the arts and wisdom respectively.

This work represents the 'Summa' of classical knowledge, illustrating the Renaissance Neoplatonic belief that pagan philosophy was a precursor to Christian truth. It specifically highlights the tension and harmony between Plato’s metaphysical focus on the 'Forms' and Aristotle’s empirical focus on the physical world.