Tabula Geographico-Hydrographica: Map of Ocean Currents and Abysses

This copperplate engraving presents a world map on a rectangular grid, featuring heavily stylized coastlines and rivers. Small volcano icons with radiating smoke are scattered across both land and sea, representing volcanic activity. The map is labeled in Latin, with various small circles and letters marking specific underwater or terrestrial 'abysses' or volcanic sites. The ocean surfaces are rendered with dense, parallel hatching lines that suggest currents or fluid movement, creating a sense of subterranean circulation.

This map comes from Athanasius Kircher’s 'Mundus Subterraneus' (1665), a foundational work of early modern natural philosophy that proposed the Earth had a system of internal channels and fires connected to the sea. It reflects the 17th-century intellectual effort to map the physical world as a unified, interconnected mechanism.