This library is built in the open.
If you spot an error, have a suggestion, or just want to say hello — we’d love to hear from you.
Wikimedia Commons · Public domain · Hover to magnify, click for fullscreen
Original fileTitle page of Sir Henry Billingsley's first English version of Euclid's Elements, 1570 (560x900)
This dense black-and-white woodcut title page is arranged in a vertical rectangular frame. At the center, the title is printed in a rectangular block surrounded by figures in clouds: the Liberal Arts (Geometria, Arithmetica, Astronomia, Musica) are seated alongside historical figures like Ptolemy, Aratus, Hipparchus, and Strabo. At the top, the Sun and Moon are personified as reclining deities, while at the very bottom center, the god Mercury holds his caduceus. The composition utilizes a hierarchical arrangement of figures, celestial bodies, and architectural scrollwork to frame the text of the first English translation of Euclid.
This title page is central to Elizabethan intellectual history, as it introduced Euclid to the English-speaking world and features a landmark 'Mathematical Preface' by the polymath and occultist John Dee. It serves as a visual manifesto for the Renaissance synthesis of practical mathematics, natural philosophy, and Hermetic science.
THE ELEMENTS OF GEOMETRIE of the most auncient Philosopher EVCLIDE of Megara. Faithfully (now first) translated into the Englishe toung, by H. Billingsley, Citizen of London. Whereunto are annexed certain Scholies, Annotations, and Inventions, of the best Mathematiciens, both of time past, and in this our age. With a very fruitfull Preface made by M. I. Dee, specifying the chiefe Mathematicall Sciences, What they are, and wherunto commodious: where, also, are disclosed certaine new Secrets Mathematicall and Mechanicall, untill these our daies, greatly missed. Imprinted at London by Iohn Daye.
John Dee
John Dee wrote the influential 'Mathematical Preface' for this edition, which this title page accompanies.
Euclid
This is the first English translation of the 'Elements', the foundational text of classical geometry.
Object
woodcut
paper
Renaissance
English
scientific
Linked Data
AI AI-cataloged fields generated by gemini-3.1-flash-lite-preview on April 20, 2026. Getty identifiers are AI-inferred and may require verification.