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There is one who painted farmyard roosters, farmyard roosters: "gallos gallinaceos," literally domestic poultry. In this allegory, they represent superficial or fake creations.
Who, since he is not entirely unwise:
So that his clumsy lines might not be more easily detected,
The inept strokes of an inept artist:
He has arranged little servants and little friends;
Through whom he wishes the natural roosters to be driven far away. Bruno is satirizing rival teachers or philosophers who surround themselves with "yes-men" or "servants" to prevent their flawed theories (the "painted roosters") from being compared to the actual truth (the "natural roosters").
Since you are not ignorant of this, take heed
When you bring a true rooster near to the painted ones,
Which cause the long-eared ones to marvel: original: "auriculatos." This refers to those with long ears, a classical allusion to asses or fools (like King Midas) who lack the discernment to tell the difference between artifice and reality.
Lest, driven away by a troublesome servant, you grieve.