Century I.

...are taken out. For example, hippocras original: "Hippocrasse"; a wine flavored with spices, popular from the Middle Ages through the 17th century. is clarified by mixing it with milk and stirring it; it is then passed through a woolen bag, which they call Hippocrates' sleeve original: "Hippocrates Sleeue"; a conical filter bag named after the ancient physician Hippocrates.. The cleansing nature of the milk draws the spice powder and the coarser parts of the liquid to itself, and as they pass through, they stick to the woolen bag.

7

The clarifying of water is an experiment tending toward health, in addition to the pleasure of the eye when water is crystalline. It is achieved by casting in and placing pebbles at the head of a current so that the water may strain through them.

8

It may be that percolation term: "Percolation"; the process of a liquid slowly passing through a filter or porous substance. causes not only clarity and brilliance but also a sweet scent. For sweetness follows clarity when the finer parts are separated from the coarser ones. Thus, it is found that the sweat of men who are very hot, exercise much, have clean bodies, and fine skin, smells sweet—as was said of Alexander the Great original: "Alexander"; historical sources like Plutarch claimed Alexander's skin and breath had a naturally pleasant fragrance due to his "hot" constitution.. We also see commonly that gums term: "Gummes"; natural resins or saps secreted by plants. have sweet odors.

9

Take a glass and put water into it. Wet your finger and draw it around the lip of the glass, pressing somewhat hard. After you have drawn it around a few times, it will cause the water to frisk and sprinkle up in a fine dew. This instance excellently demonstrates the force of compression in a solid body. For whenever a solid body (such as wood, stone, metal, etc.) is pressed, there is an inward tumult in its parts as they seek to deliver themselves from the compression; and this is the cause of all violent motion. In this regard, it is strange in the highest degree that this motion has never been observed nor investigated, as it is the most common of all motions and the chief root of all mechanical operations. This motion works in a circle at first—by way of testing and searching for which way to deliver itself—and then moves forward where it finds the easiest escape. In liquids, this motion is visible: all struck liquids create round circles and splash at the same time. But in solids (which do not break), it is so subtle that it is invisible; nevertheless, it reveals itself through many effects, as in this instance of which we speak. For the pressure of the finger—furthered by the wetting because it sticks so much better to the lip of the glass—after some time puts all the small parts of the glass into motion so that they strike the water sharply. That sprinkling comes from that percussion term: "Percussion"; the striking of one body against another..

10

If you strike or pierce a solid body that is brittle, such as glass or sugar, it breaks not only where the immediate force is applied but shatters all around into splinters and fragments. The motion, upon the pressure, searches in all directions and breaks where it finds the body weakest.

11

The powder in a shot, being expanded into such a flame that it cannot endure compression, moves likewise in a circle (the flame being like a liquid body). This sometimes causes a recoil and sometimes breaks the gun original: "Piece"; a general term for a firearm or cannon....