The Advancement of Learning (1605 first edition)

leaving and yielding the others to the Greeks: You, O Roman, remember to rule the peoples with authority; these shall be your arts original: "Tu regere imperio populos Romane memento, Hae tibi erunt artes," from Virgil's Aeneid (6.851–853)., and so forth.

Similarly, we see that Anytus, the accuser of Socrates, brought it as a formal charge and accusation against him that he used the variety and power of his discourses and debates to withdraw young men from their proper reverence for the laws and customs of their country. He claimed Socrates practiced a dangerous and harmful science, which was to make the worse cause seem the better, and to suppress the truth through the power of eloquence and speech.

But these and similar accusations have a look of seriousness rather than any basis in justice. Experience proves that, in both specific people and specific eras, there has been a meeting and coordination of learning and military skill original: "Armes", with both flourishing and excelling in the same men and the same ages.

Regarding individuals, there cannot be a better example than that pair, Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar the Dictator. The first was Aristotle’s student in philosophy, and the other was Cicero’s rival in eloquence. Or, if anyone would rather look for scholars who became great generals than generals who were great scholars, let him consider Epaminondas the Theban A general and statesman of 4th-century BC Thebes who transformed Greece by breaking Spartan hegemony. or Xenophon the Athenian A student of Socrates and a mercenary general whose writings documented his military expeditions.. One was the first to diminish the power of Sparta, and the other was the first to pave the way for the overthrow of the monarchy of Persia.

This coordination of learning and military prowess is even more visible in eras than in individuals, since an age is a larger ob- The text cuts off here at the end of the page; the catchword for the next page is "ject," completing the word "object."