THE EARLIER HISTORY OF THE MS.

Friderico-Augustanus). It has often been stated that these notes are by the corrector Cª*, but this is not the case, as will be seen when the facsimile of the Old Testament is published. There is a certain family resemblance between Cª and the scribe of the notes at the end of Ezra and Esther, but they are not identical, and there is perhaps a difference of ink—Cª used a redder, and the scribe of the note at the end of Esther a yellower colour—though I am inclined to doubt this, strikingly evident though it seems at first. The two notes happen to have been written on bad patches of vellum high-quality animal skin prepared for writing, which have not taken the ink well, so that the writing has faded, but at the end of the note to Ezra, where the parchment improves, the ink has the same reddish tint as Cª. Further discussion of this point belongs to the introduction to the Old Testament: it is sufficient here to say that the probable solution of the question is that several scribes (of which Cª was certainly one) were engaged in correcting the text according to that of the Codex Pamphili, and one of them (not Cª) wrote the notes at the end of Esther and Ezra to explain what had been done. That the writer of the notes belongs to the C group of scribes is tolerably certain, and his statements make it almost equally plain that this group was formed by the monks in the scriptorium a room in a monastery set aside for the copying and correcting of manuscripts at Caesarea. The text of the notes is as follows:

(1) At the end of Ezra (Cod. Frid.-Aug. f. 13).

IT WAS COMPARED WITH A VERY
ANCIENT COPY
CORRECTED BY THE HAND OF THE
HOLY MARTYR PAMPHILUS;
WHICH COPY HAD AT THE
END A CERTAIN SUBSCRIPTION
IN HIS OWN HAND
WHICH READ AS FOLLOWS:
    IT WAS TAKEN AND CORRECTED
    AGAINST THE HEXAPLA OF ORIGEN The "Six-fold" Bible, a massive scholarly edition of the Old Testament compiled by Origen in the 3rd century.
    ANTONINUS COMPARED IT.
    PAMPHILUS CORRECTED IT.
original: "ΑΝΤΕΒΛΗΘΗ ΠΡΟΣ ΠΑΛΑΙΩΤΑΤΟΝ ΛΙΑΝ ΑΝΤΙΓΡΑΦΟΝ..."

(2) At the end of Esther (Cod. Frid.-Aug. f. 19).

IT WAS COMPARED WITH A VERY
ANCIENT COPY
CORRECTED BY THE HAND
OF THE HOLY MARTYR PAM-
PHILUS; AND AT THE END
OF THE SAME VERY ANCIENT
BOOK, WHICH INDEED HAD ITS
BEGINNING FROM THE FIRST
BOOK OF KINGS AND
ENDED AT ESTHER;
SUCH A SUBSCRIPTION IN THE
HAND OF THE SAME MARTYR
WAS WRITTEN AT LARGE
WHICH READ AS FOLLOWS:
    IT WAS TAKEN AND COR-
    RECTED AGAINST THE HEXAPLA
    OF ORIGEN CORRECTED BY HIMSELF;
    ANTONINUS THE
    CONFESSOR COMPARED IT;
    PAMPHILUS CORRECTED THE
    VOLUME IN PRISON,
    THROUGH THE GREAT
    GRACE AND HELP OF GOD;
    AND IF IT BE NOT TOO MUCH TO SAY,
    IT IS NOT EASY TO FIND
    A COPY COMPARABLE
    TO THIS COPY.
< < < - < < < - > > > - > > >
BUT THE SAME VERY ANCIENT
BOOK DIFFERED
FROM THIS VOLUME
IN THE PROPER NAMES.
original: "ΑΝΤΕΒΛΗΘΗ ΠΡΟΣ ΠΑΛΑΙΩΤΑΤΟΝ ΛΙΑΝ ΑΝΤΙΓΡΑΦΟΝ..."

From the addition of the word confessor original: ὁμολογητής (homologētēs); one who suffered for the Christian faith but was not necessarily killed to the name of Antoninus it is clear that the writer identified him with the Antoninus who was martyred on Nov. 13, 309, shortly before Pamphilus, who was put to death on Feb. 16, 310 (see Eusebius, On the Martyrs of Palestine 9. 5 and 11. 1). The reference to the prison also enables us to date the MS. used by the corrector almost exactly in the year 309. Moreover, as the original Hexapla of Origen was at Caesarea, and Pamphilus claims to have corrected his MS. by it, there is really only one step—the MS. of Pamphilus—between the corrector and the original Hexapla.

It will be seen that the evidence connecting the Codex Sinaiticus, at the time of the C correctors, with the library of