Voynich Manuscript - High Resolution Scans (Unknown) - Page 5

⚠The following text is written in the undeciphered Voynich script. Because the language remains unknown despite centuries of cryptanalytic efforts, the text provided below is a transcription using the European Voynich Alphabet (EVA). This system maps the mysterious characters to the Latin alphabet to allow for study. The layout mirrors the original manuscript, where words are often arranged to accommodate the hand-drawn illustration.

Folio 2r: Botanical Study

pshardy qokor sand otchar pfetand kcorda
solckhey ollar r dkor kfey dlo
pottand efccy q ckor cey gdy ctand
danda ollor r fey sady or ottand r
ollockor ar kshand tor sad pfetand sad
rand sands s hor kor qllor dy dckor dcey kfey
kor kfey sandg ctor sad
This upper block of text is divided into clusters, flanking the flower heads of the illustrated plant. The word "sand" (or "sands") appears frequently here, as it does throughout much of the manuscript's herbal section.

ollar

original: "ollar"
A single word placed in the left margin, possibly acting as a label or a reference for the plant's identification.

Illustration Description
The central illustration depicts a plant resembling a thistle or a member of the Asteraceae family. It features three distinct, rounded flower heads—one at the apex and two branching out—rendered with a reddish-brown cross-hatch pattern. A light blue wash, possibly added later, encircles the upper portion of the plant. The leaves are sharply serrated (toothed) and green. The root system is stylized and symmetrical, a common trait in Voynich illustrations, suggesting it may represent a specific medicinal part or a symbolic interpretation rather than a literal botanical drawing.

pshand ctand poy r dkor posad ollet or eccy danssy
sol r kor eccy pottey qllody ro ckor qlly sand sandsr
qdly aoland ctor otchy sand kfey kfey rand rand
getand dar oty dayor dead sad old and eccy ctcor
ollor ey ctor kfod gol ad ctan rand otclly otclly dar
dy qlley ocy sand kottey
The lower block of text is arranged in two columns at the base of the plant. The repetitive nature of the script is evident here, with words like "kfey kfey" and "rand rand" appearing side-by-side, a linguistic pattern known as reduplication which is unusually common in the Voynich manuscript.