INTRODUCTION.

PLATE I.

Heaven or Jupiter, representing Body and Soul.

Fig. 1.

A circular diagram contains text. At its center are the phrases "The First," "God" original: "Θεος", and "Reason." To the right of the circle, it is labeled "God."

Fig. 2.

A circular diagram is divided horizontally. The upper white half contains the text "Rational soul" and "God" original: "Θεος". The lower black half contains "Demon" and "Sentient soul." To the right of the circle is the label "Mind or twofold soul."

Fig. 3.

A circular diagram is divided horizontally by a wavy line. The upper white half is labeled "Heaven." The lower black half contains the labels "Earth," "Hades" The underworld, and "Heaven." The word "Heaven" is also written vertically on both the left and right sides within the circle. To the right of the circle is the label "Body."

Heaven or the Supreme Ruler original: "Shang-te", representing Body and Soul.

Fig. 4.

A circular diagram contains text. At its center are the phrases "The First," "God" original: "神" (Shen), and "Reason." To the right of the circle is the label "God."

Fig. 5.

A circular diagram is divided horizontally. The upper white half contains "Rational soul" and "God" original: "神" (Shen). The lower black half contains "Demon" and "Sentient soul." To the right of the circle is the label "Mind or twofold soul."

Fig. 6.

A circular diagram is divided horizontally by a wavy line. The upper white half is labeled "Heaven." The lower black half contains the labels "Earth," "Hades," and "Heaven." The word "Heaven" is written vertically on both the left and right sides. To the right of the circle is the label "Body."

ReasonThe governing principle of the universe., Rational soulThe higher, intellectual part of the human spirit., Sentient soulThe lower part of the soul associated with physical senses and emotions., HeavenThe celestial realm or the creative force of nature., EarthThe physical, material world., HadesThe underworld or the realm of the dead., JupiterThe king of the gods in Roman mythology, used here to represent the Western concept of the divine ruler., Supreme RulerOriginal: "Shang-te" (上帝), the highest deity in ancient Chinese belief., GodOriginal Greek: "Theos.", GodOriginal Chinese: "Shen," referring to spirit or divinity., Twofold soulThe idea that the human mind consists of both a higher rational part and a lower emotional part.