of Universal Harmony.

investigated by Justice. 55.

XLIII. Regarding the movements the tongue or other speech organs must make to form vowels, consonants, and syllables. 56.

XLIV. Why some people speak through their nose; if there is a way to remedy it, and what sounds can be made with the nose. 59.

XLV. To know if different climates are the cause of different voices and manners of speaking. 60.

XLVI. Whether one can know the temperament, affections, and passions of men by the voice and by different manners of speaking, and from whence Laughter comes. 61.

XLVII. That the best idiom meaning a language or dialect of all possible ones can be invented: which is explained here. 65.

XLVIII. How many possible and pronounceable words there are, whether one uses French, Greek, Hebrew, or Chinese letters, etc.; and consequently, providing all possible idioms. 70.

XLIX. To know whether one should give a single name or several to each individual, and if there are more things than words: and what makes one idiom more excellent than another. 72.

L. Determining if the sounds of the voice can have such a correspondence with the things signified that a natural language could be formed. 75.

LI. To know if those who have no tongue can speak; and if one can make the mute speak, and teach them to read and write when they are deaf. 77.

LII. How the ear perceives sound; what the action of hearing is; and whether it is the ear or the mind that discerns and knows sound. 79.

LIII. To know if the ear is deceived more or less often than the eye, or if one must trust hearing more than sight. Where the ways of deceiving the ear and of correcting these errors are explained. 81. And where one sees the Benedicite original: "Benedicite"; a traditional Latin blessing or grace before meals meaning "Bless ye" in excellent verse.

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The 27 Propositions of the book on Songs.

I. The Song, or the Air, is a deduction of sounds by certain natural or artificial degrees and intervals agreeable to the ear; which signifies joy, sadness, or some other passion through its melody and movements. 89.

II. The Song is a sequence of sounds arranged according to the rules prescribed by Musicians, by which one expresses the passions of the soul, or those of the subject. 92.

III. At what moment sound begins to be Song. 93.

IV. Explaining the types of Airs, or Songs used by Musicians; and giving examples of Church Songs. 94.

V. To know if one can prescribe infallible rules according to which one makes good Songs on all sorts of subjects; and if Musicians have them when they compose Airs. 97. See the sixth book on Composition which serves this purpose.

VI. What rules must be used to make good Songs: and in what way sounds and Songs are similar to colors. 98.

VII. If it is possible to compose the best Song of all those that can be...