A Treatise on Political Economy - The Production, Distribution, and Consumption of Wealth

...with the financial means of the people, because that price level remains below the bare cost of production. However, since leather shoes are not absolutely necessary for survival original: "existence", those who are unable to afford original: "procure" them wear wooden shoes (sabots original: "sabots"; traditional French wooden shoes.) or go barefoot. When this unfortunately happens with a basic necessity original: "article of primary necessity", part of the population must die off, or at least stop growing in number original: "cease to regenerate". These are the general causes that limit the demand for individual products and for all products overall.

Regarding supply, it consists of the total amount of any good original: "commodity" that the current owners are willing to trade for an equivalent value—in other words, to sell at the current price—and not just what is physically on sale at that moment. This total amount is also called the circulating or floating stock. However, strictly speaking, no good is truly "in circulation" except during the actual transfer original: "act of transit" from the seller to the buyer, which happens almost instantly. But the simple act of moving the goods has no influence on the terms of the deal original: "bargain", which usually occurs before the movement; it is merely a matter of administrative original: "executive" detail. The truly important factor is the owner's willingness to give up their property. A good is in circulation whenever it is seeking a buyer—which it might desperately need—even if it does not move its location at all. Thus, the inventory original: "stock" in a shop or warehouse is in circulation; similarly, land, rent-charges original: "rent-charges"; a periodic payment charged on land for the benefit of someone other than the owner., houses, and similar assets are said to be in circulation; and the expression