THE UMBELLIFERS. 7

Qualities and medicinal properties.

The Spanish Picktooth original: "Visnaga", according to the testimony of Galen a prominent Greek physician in the Roman Empire, dries in the second degree a classification in humoral medicine indicating its potency. Inasmuch as it is bitter, it possesses a manifest heat and an astringent quality. Consult the General Table of Seed Illustrations, Gg Hh Ii Kk Ll, and the explanation of that same table regarding seeds. Regarding the smaller fennel-like original: "Ferulacea" leaves, see the Table of Illustrations, 4, where we have classified my "false" variety alongside the other Umbellifers provided with smaller fennel-like leaves, and we have seen to the engraving of its fennel-like leaf.

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LARGE LOBED UMBELLIFERS,

Provided with larger striated seeds.

The symbols ☉ and ☿ likely denote the plant's life cycle, such as perennial or biennial/annual.

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Explanation of the preceding Table.

The second division of Umbellifers plants with umbrella-like flower clusters provided with striated grooved seeds shall be those that bear their leaves in a lobed, paired, or pinnate feather-like fashion along the mid-rib or rachis the main axis of a compound leaf. These leaves are positioned sometimes opposite one another and sometimes alternately, growing upon the rib, with one leaf always closing the tip. These are likewise divided into two types: the larger ones, provided with larger seeds; or the smaller ones, endowed with smaller seeds. We shall speak of the former first, and the latter afterwards.

Lovage original: "Levisticum". Of all the lobed Umbellifers provided with larger striated seeds, this is the largest; so much so that its stem is round, thick, jointed, exceeding the height of a man, hollow, and grooved. From the root, it brings forth leaves on long, upright stalks, which are longer and paler—or a more dilute green—than the leaves of broad-leaved celery. These same stalks have a strongly medicinal scent, which is not without pleasantness if they are broken and held to the nostrils. It bears yellow, flat umbels. As the individual flowers fade, each with five yellow, reflexed bent backward petals joined together, the plump seeds succeed them in pairs; these are larger than fennel seeds, grooved, highly fragrant, and smelling of something almost resinous.

Habitat and season.

Where it arises spontaneously is not yet certain to Botanists; it is observed only in gardens. It produces yellow, reflexed flowers in mid-summer, which are scarcely observed fully expanded because of nature's great haste toward the formation and perfection of the seeds. It perfects the seed as summer departs.

Names.

Lovage, according to Matthiolus, Dodonaeus, and Lobelius; Common Lovage, according to Parkinson; Common Libysticum, according to Fuchs.