HERON [AND] CTESIBIUS Heron of Alexandria often credited his predecessor, Ctesibius, with the invention of these pneumatic and mechanical devices.

English Translation from Greek	English Translation from Latin
* to tilt upward ...an iron bar p r labeled π ρ in the Greek moving around a pin p which is fixed upright in the surface of the overlying ruler. Therefore, whenever the bar p r is placed under the "finger," it prevents it so that it is not able to tilt upward original: ananeu-sai; the motion of the trigger releasing the bowstring. But when we take hold of the end r, we pull back the bar p r. Then, toward the part x o, the finger can then tilt upward from the parts x o.	...[and let bar] QR be placed beneath it, moving around a small axle, Q, which is fixed perpendicularly in the surface of the upper ruler. Therefore, having gripped the ruler at the extremity R, and having moved it toward the part of the finger OP [so it is] upward, the finger itself will be raised from the parts ON.

English Translation from Greek

English Translation from Latin

* to tilt
upward ...an iron bar p r labeled π ρ in the Greek moving around a pin p which is fixed upright in the surface of the overlying ruler. Therefore, whenever the bar p r is placed under the "finger," it prevents it so that it is not able to tilt upward original: ananeu-sai; the motion of the trigger releasing the bowstring. But when we take hold of the end r, we pull back the bar p r. Then, toward the part x o, the finger can then tilt upward from the parts x o.

...[and let bar] QR be placed beneath it, moving around a small axle, Q, which is fixed perpendicularly in the surface of the upper ruler. Therefore, having gripped the ruler at the extremity R, and having moved it toward the part of the finger OP [so it is] upward, the finger itself will be raised from the parts ON.

English Translation from Greek	English Translation from Latin
* let there be made Let another ruler, u ph ch ps o Greek: υ φ χ ψ ω, be joined to the ruler e z h th Greek: ε ζ η θ, having the part u ph convex and the part ch ps o concave. They called the ruler e z h th the syringx Syringx: literally "pipe" or "tube"; the outer casing of the catapult's slider. The ruler lying upon it they called the diostra Diostra: the "slider" or "pusher" that moves back and forth to cock the weapon. The hollow part that receives the bolt is the epitoxitis Epitoxitis: the "bolt-rest" or groove atop the slider, and the part between the x o portions of the overlying ruler is the chelone Chelone: literally "tortoise"; here refers to the protective housing or block for the trigger mechanism.	After this, let another ruler, STVXYZ, be attached to ruler EFGH, having the part STV curved [convex], and the part XYZ hollowed out [concave]. Now, they used to call the ruler EFGH the syringa [pipe], and the ruler placed above it the Diostra [slider]. The hollow part that receives the missile the bolt or arrow they called the epitoxitida [bolt-rest]. The part of the upper ruler...

English Translation from Greek

English Translation from Latin

* let there
be made Let another ruler, u ph ch ps o Greek: υ φ χ ψ ω, be joined to the ruler e z h th Greek: ε ζ η θ, having the part u ph convex and the part ch ps o concave. They called the ruler e z h th the syringx Syringx: literally "pipe" or "tube"; the outer casing of the catapult's slider. The ruler lying upon it they called the diostra Diostra: the "slider" or "pusher" that moves back and forth to cock the weapon. The hollow part that receives the bolt is the epitoxitis Epitoxitis: the "bolt-rest" or groove atop the slider, and the part between the x o portions of the overlying ruler is the chelone Chelone: literally "tortoise"; here refers to the protective housing or block for the trigger mechanism.

After this, let another ruler, STVXYZ, be attached to ruler EFGH, having the part STV curved [convex], and the part XYZ hollowed out [concave]. Now, they used to call the ruler EFGH the syringa [pipe], and the ruler placed above it the Diostra [slider]. The hollow part that receives the missile the bolt or arrow they called the epitoxitida [bolt-rest]. The part of the upper ruler...