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...[explanations] original: "Erklärungen," implied from the previous page's catchword and claim a superiority in their descriptions and movements. However, this is a conclusion that has as much merit as if I, seeing a king drilling his troops, tried to discover his secret intentions based solely on his gestures. Brother Bacon original: "Bruder Bacon"; Roger Bacon (c. 1219–1292), a medieval English philosopher and friar famous for his interest in science and logic walked between two pillars in Oxford, but whoever tried to guess his thoughts from that would be more like his fool than his companion.
When the Peripatetics followers of the philosophy of Aristotle speak of the soul or an inner principle original: "untern Anfange"; likely referring to the archē or the underlying source of life, their description concerns only the external circumstances—things that any child can observe—but they establish nothing essential. Thus, they judge everything by outward appearance, and their learning is merely a diversion for the intellect that cannot penetrate into the heart of nature.
Nevertheless, I recognize the Scholastics original: "Schulgelehrten"; university scholars who followed traditional medieval logic and theology as ingenious people; they simply grasp their first principles incorrectly. They prescribe rules instead of explaining the actual "how" and "why" of things, since they have no real substance original: "Materia" to work with. Their philosophy original: "Welt-Weißheit" resembles a church that has plenty of discipline but no actual doctrine. If you were to take away their formal speeches, their style of debate, and their accounts of various opinions, along with many other rambling...