Four Books on Human Proportion

Next, I want to describe a strong, peasant woman original: "pewrisch weyb", seven heads in length, according to the same scale as the previous man. I will arrange her measurements just as I did for the man. However, instead of using three vertical lines, I will place points in those locations to mark the lengths of the limbs. I will no longer draw cross-lines through these points for the thickness or width of the side-view, front-view, or back-view figures. Instead, I will place the numbers and digits at the same spot as the horizontal line by the points, which will indicate how thick or wide the side or front image should be at that location. I will use this method for all subsequent figures so that the drawing original: "riß" does not become too cluttered.

Now, I first measure the limbs according to their length.
From the crown of the head to the height of the shoulder joints: a 1/10th part and two 1/23rd parts.
From the crown to the hollow of the throat the "halßgrüblein" is the suprasternal notch at the base of the neck: two 1/11th parts.
From the crown to the end of the chin: a 1/7th part.
From the chin upwards to the height of the back of the skull: an 1/8th part.
From the chin upwards to the top of the forehead: a 1/10th part.
I divide this tenth part into three equal sections: In the uppermost, I place the forehead; in the second, the nose, eyes, and ears; in the third, the mouth and chin. And beneath the chin, I bring the flesh further down.

The armpit is always lower in the back than in the front.

From the sole of the foot upwards to the height of the drawing: a 1/20th part.
From the sole to the outer ankle of the shinbone: a 1/28th part.
From the end of the ankle upwards to the middle of the knee: two 1/9th parts.
Alternatively, I place the knee using the divider referring to a compass or proportional tool, as described before; in that case, the knee will be lower than before—do whichever you prefer. From the middle of the knee upwards: a 1/30th part; there I end the knee. Likewise, a 1/30th part below it; there I end the bottom of the knee. From the middle of the knee downwards: an 1/8th part; there I end the calf. And I make the foot a 1/6th part long. Next, I make the arm from the shoulder joint to the elbow: two 1/11th parts. From the elbow to the tips of the fingers: a 1/4th part.
From the tips of the fingers backward to the wrist joint: a 1/10th part.

Since I have indicated the length of the limbs, I will next measure the thickness at the location of the side-view figure at all the points of the previously established lengths.

I make the side-view head a 1/9th part thick through the point of the back of the skull.

Now always pay attention to the points, so that you do not go astray.

At the point of the forehead: a 1/14th part and a 1/15th part.

Across the eyebrows: also a 1/14th part and a 1/15th part.
Across the head and nose: an 1/8th part.
Across the chin and neck: also an 1/8th part.
And the neck: a 1/12th part.
At the hollow of the throat: a 1/10th part.
At the height of the breast: a 1/7th part.