CHEMICAL DICTIONARY.

Acalai is Salt.
Acartum is Red Lead original: "minium," a bright red pigment made from lead tetroxide.
Acaid is vinegar, or something acidic.
Achamech is the dross of silver original: "superfluitas argenti," referring to the impurities or "excess" removed during refining.
Iron Acacia is an iron spoon original: "Cochlear ferreum"; in this context, "Acacia" likely refers to a tool shape rather than the plant.
Acazdir, Alkani, and Alomba are Tin.
Accatum is Brass original: "Aurichalcum," a golden-colored alloy of copper and zinc used in antiquity.

Agate original: "Achates", first discovered in Sicily near the river of the same name, and later in other places. They are effective against the bites of spiders; and eagles place them in their nests to defend their chicks against venomous creatures; they also quench thirst and strengthen the eyesight.
In Agate, various impressions appear: Forests, Rivers, Beasts of burden, and the tracks of a Wolf or Lion, all carved by nature so clearly as if a Gem-cutter had made them with great effort, according to Pliny Pliny the Elder (23–79 AD), whose "Natural History" was a primary source for mineral lore.

Diamond original: "Adamas", originates both outside of gold and within the most noble gold.
1. Outside of gold, the Indian variety is twofold, related in color to translucent Crystal, with six-sided facets, tapering at the end like a spinning top, or consisting of two opposite parts joined together, about the size of a hazelnut kernel.
2. The Arabian variety, originating outside of gold, is smaller than the previous one.

1. The size of a millet grain, which they call Cenchron from the Greek word for millet seed.
2. The Macedonian variety, found in the gold of Philippi, equal to the size of a cucumber seed.
3. The Cypriot variety, found in Cyprus, tending toward a brassy color; it is effective in medical remedies.
4. Sideritis meaning "iron-like", possessing an iron-like brilliance and exceeding the others in weight, but different from them in nature: this one can be broken by blows and can be perforated by another Diamond.