Surya Siddhanta with the Exposition of the Hidden Meaning

Accompanied by the "Illuminator of Hidden Meanings" original: Gūḍhārthaprakāśaka; this is the title of the commentary by Ranganatha

He explains the reason for recounting what was previously stated. "Gratified," he says. Because (for) he is extremely pleased by the penance and worship performed by you, he says, "therefore I give." And so, the sense is that by the power of your actions, and because of my affection for my devotees, I have set aside our natural enmity Maya is an Asura (demon), traditionally the enemies of the Devas (gods) like Surya and have shown compassion to you, just as Prahlada was shown compassion; you are not to be deceived. || 5 ||

Now, a doubt arises: since the Sun is always blazing with heat, how could Maya be able to stand in his presence for the duration of the teaching? Or, how could the Sun, who is in constant motion, cease his wandering to engage in a dialogue with Maya? Therefore, since giving the knowledge directly seems impossible, how could he say "I give"? To answer this, he repeats the Sun's subsequent words:

No one can endure my brilliance, nor do I have a spare moment.
This person, who is a partial manifestation of myself, will tell you everything in its entirety. || 6 ||

O Maya, this person standing before you will tell you the entire Science of the Stars Jyotiḥśāstra: the traditional Sanskrit term for astronomy and astrology in its entirety. But will he speak the truth? To this he says: "A partial manifestation of myself." This means he is related to me, the Sun, or born from me. Thus, the sense is that he will speak only the truth to you, who have received my compassion. By this, the meaning of "I give" mentioned in the previous verse is clarified as "I shall give through my own partial manifestation."

But why should you not speak it yourself? To this he says: "No." No living being is a "bearer of brilliance"—that is, capable of enduring the heat—of me, who resides in the solar disc original: Sūryamaṇḍala. Thus, the sense is: "How could you, being unable to stay near me for a long time, hear it from me?"

But what if Maya says, "By the power of my own penance, I am able to stay near you for a long time and will hear it from you"? To this he says: "To tell." For me, who am constantly revolving due to the Prohibitive Wind Pravahavāyu: in ancient Indian cosmology, the celestial wind that keeps the planets and stars in constant motion and who, by my own power, am never still, to speak...