Crown of Treatises: Chapter on Mathematics

Whether it is true that "the commentary by Prithudaka Swami is merely a commentary on the Paitamaha Bhashya Paitamaha Bhashya: An ancient commentary on the Paitamaha Siddhanta, one of the five early astronomical systems" or not, it is universally accepted and evident that Brahmagupta Brahmagupta (c. 598–668 CE): A legendary mathematician and astronomer who defined the rules for calculating with zero gave a new form to the ancient Paitamaha Siddhanta by organizing and revising many subjects. Otherwise, Bhaskaracharya Bhaskara II (1114–1185 CE): A prominent mathematician-astronomer who built upon Brahmagupta's work would never have accepted Brahmagupta's system as his foundation.

(2) Vasistha Siddhanta.—Like the Paitamaha collected in the Panch-Siddhantika Panch-Siddhantika: "The Five Astronomical Canons," a seminal compendium by Varahamihira, this is also ancient but in a somewhat more advanced state. It contains 12 Arya verses and does not include calculations for planets other than the Sun and the Moon. Varahamihira has described both the Paitamaha and Vasistha as "far removed from the truth" original: "दूरविभ्रष्टौ" (duravibhrashtau) - meaning inaccurate or outdated in their calculations. This also dates to the beginning of the Shaka era. From the statements of Brahmagupta and one or two other commentators, it is known that the author of the Vasistha mentioned in the Panch-Siddhantika was Vishnuchandra. Previous writings suggest that Lord Vishnu gave astronomical instruction to the sage Vasistha. However, that Vishnu and this Vishnuchandra cannot be the same person. In the opinion of Dr. Thibaut George Thibaut (1848–1914): An Indologist known for translating Sanskrit scientific texts, there was a person named Vishnuchandra who revised the ancient Vasistha Siddhanta, and thus became known as its creator (See his introduction to Panch-Siddhantika). Shri Shankar Balkrishna Dikshit has proved in his History of Indian Astronomy original: "भारतीय ज्योति:शास्त्र" (Bharatiya Jyotish-shastra) that during Brahmagupta's time, there were two types of Vasistha: one original, and the other by Vishnuchandra. After Varahamihira, Vishnuchandra created a new edition of the ancient Vasistha by incorporating certain subjects from the Romaka Siddhanta Romaka Siddhanta: The "Roman" or "Greek" system of astronomy influenced by Western methods composed by Shrishena. Currently, the Laghu Vasistha Siddhanta The "Short" or "Abridged" Vasistha system is available as published from Kashi (Varanasi)*.

• Several years ago, Mahamahopadhyaya Shri Vindhyeshwari Prasad Dwivedi of Kashi began publishing the Jyotish-Siddhanta-Sangraha (A Collection of Astronomical Treatises). In it, the Siddhantas of Vyasa, Vasistha, Soma, etc., were published. It is not known how many have been published by now.