By making [the mind] steady, the awakening or knowledge of the planets and other celestial bodies occurs. In the other sense, regarding the Shruti The Vedas, or divinely "heard" scripture, it means that by performing the rituals well-spoken of in the Vishnu-Sukta and other hymns—namely the performance of religious duties—and by those observances, the heart is purified, and the knowledge of the Supreme Brahman arises. Furthermore, what is its nature? It is full of profound meaning. It is "profound" and it is "meaning"; thus, it is full of difficult-to-grasp significance, which applies equally to both [the astronomical text and the scripture]. Even with few syllables—meaning it possesses very few letters, or is composed of concise speech. Now, one might argue that if it has few syllables but much meaning, no one would understand it; therefore, he says: It is made manifest by the means created by his parts. "Created by his parts" refers to his sons and disciples; by the means they created, such as commentaries, it is made clear. In the other sense, "his parts" refers to the portions of that Shruti or those like Ravana Referring here to Vedic commentators or lineages, by whose efforts in creating commentaries and expositions, it is revealed and made manifest. || 1 ||

The Madhuri Commentary—

In the sense of Scripture (Shruti):—Ke = in the water; Shavah = like a corpse, motionless; at the beginning of creation, his intellect hindered by the thought of what to do or not do, lying on the leaf of a banyan tree, licking his own toe—the child Mukunda Krishna/Vishnu, Keshava. "Here the locative case ending is not dropped" A grammatical note on the formation of the name Keshava. His Vak = speech, which is the Shruti = the Veda, is victorious = exists in supreme excellence. Of what nature is it? By that = by the Veda, well = thoroughly, spoken = told; that is the Sukta Hymn, and the Karma = the ritual acts; by their practice = by their performance, the Chitta = the inner self ("The Amarakosha dictionary says: 'svantam,' 'hrid,' 'manasam,' and 'manas' are synonyms for mind"), having purified = having made the mind stainless, the Jyotish = of the Supreme Brahman, Prabodha = the knowledge; she becomes the Janani = the mother or producer of that knowledge. Furthermore, it is Gahana = difficult, Arthaih = with many meanings, Purna = filled/endowed. Svalpa = without great length, Akshara = imperishable. By his = Vishnu's, Amshah = specific incarnations such as Kapila, Kanva, Yajnavalkya, and others, and by their Upayaih = efforts, such as the Law-books (Smritis) and Commentaries, it is Vyaktikrita = made clearly manifest. Such is the speech of Keshava which reigns supreme. ||

In the sense of the Astronomical Manual (Karana):—Keshavasya = of the father of the author, named Keshava; his Vak = his speech named Graha-Kautuka An earlier astronomical work by the author's father, is victorious = exists in supreme excellence. Of what nature is it? By the performance of the various acts mentioned—meaning the methods of calculating the planets well-stated by that Keshava—by their Charanaih = practice = by making them a habit, and by Upayaih = efforts, the Prabodha = knowledge of the Jyotisham = of the planets, stars, etc., is produced. It is Gahana = difficult to grasp, Arthaih = with other meanings or methods, Purna = well-constructed. It is Svalpa = brief, Akshara = without error/deviation. By the Amshakritaih = those made by the "parts" of that Keshava, i.e., accomplished by his disciples and sons, through Upayaih = means such as commentaries and rationales (Vasana), it is made manifest. Also, it is Shruti = that which is to be heard; even by hearing it, it grants merit because it is the means of calculating the Almanac (Panchanga). As it is said: "By hearing the fruits of the Almanac, one obtains the merit of bathing in the Ganges." Or, Shruti means it is understood simply by coming within the range of hearing. Here, some explain Gahanarthapurna as "filled with many meanings" and Svalpakshara as "having very few words." That is not entirely sufficient. Because, as the scholars should consider: "The production of great meaning from few words is the hallmark of a masterpiece, as stated in works on Poetics."