Ganapati's Treatise on Auspicious Moments

Su. Ga. 4The third year is named Vatsara, and its presiding deity is the Moon. The fourth is called Anuvatsara, and its deity is said to be Prajapati The Creator-God. || 18 || Likewise, the fifth year is named Vatsara specifically Idavatsara in other traditions, and its deity is Gauri The Goddess. A Yuga a small cycle of time is completed by these five years, and sixty years are completed by twelve such Yugas. || 20 ||

The lords of these twelve Yugas are remembered in order as: Agni Fire, Jiva Jupiter, Indra, Pavaka Purifier/Fire, Tvashtr The Celestial Architect, Ahirbudhnya The Serpent of the Deep, the Pitris Ancestors, the Vishvedevas Universal Gods, the Moon, Puruhuta Indra and Anala Fire, the Dasras The Ashvini twins, and Bhaga The Dispenser. || 21 ||

The Definition of the Solstices (Ayana)

The three signs beginning with Capricorn original: Makara are known as the Northern Transit original: Uttarayana. That period is the "Day of the Gods," and auspicious work is highly praised during this time. || 22 || That which begins with Cancer original: Karkata is known as the Southern Transit original: Dakshinayana of the Sun. That is the "Night of the Gods," and it is said that work initiated here does not reach fulfillment. || 23 || The Northern Hemisphere begins with Aries original: Mesha, while the Southern is named from Libra original: Ghata onwards. || 24 ||

The Definition of the Seasons (Ritu)

Spring, Summer, the Rainy Season, Autumn, Early Winter, and Late Winter—these are remembered as the six seasons. || 25 || When the Sun is in Pisces and Aries, it is declared to be Spring original: Vasanta. In Taurus and Gemini, it is Summer original: Grishma. In Cancer and Leo, it is the Rainy Season original: Varsha. || 26 || In Virgo and Libra, the season is called Autumn original: Sharad. Early Winter original: Hemanta is in Scorpio and Sagittarius, and Late Winter original: Shishira is in Capricorn and Aquarius. || 27 ||

The Definition of the Months (Masa)

The months are Chaitra, then Vaishakha, Jyeshtha, and the one named Ashadha. Then Shravana, Bhadrapada, and the one named Ashvina. || 28 || Kartika, Margashirsha, Pausha, Magha, and Phalguna. || 29 ||

The Archaic Names of the Months from Chaitra onwards

1. Madhu, 2. Madhava, 3. Shukra, 4. Shuchi, 5. Nabhas, 6. Nabhasya, 7. Isha, 8. Urja, 4 9. Sahas, 10. Sahasya, || 30 || 11. Tapas, and 12. Tapasya. These are the names of the months in order. A month ends with the New Moon original: Amanta system...