Siddhanta Shiromani (Crown of Treatises)

2

The Sun—who acts for the benefit of all people—will expand the elegance of my speech after I have worshipped him, for he dispels the darkness of my ignorance. Expressing the author’s affection for his devotees, he says that his [the Sun’s] nature is one "in whom the heap of all faults has been entirely washed away" original: "विधूत-निःशेष-दोष-चय" (vidhūta-niḥśeṣa-doṣa-caya); the OCR "विद्यौतवि-नमस्त्रिः" appears to be a corruption of this standard phrase.. Therefore, he who is the refuge of the devoted will grant me my desired objective; through this, the attainment of the elegance of my own speech is sought.

Thus, for those desiring the destruction of illness, one turns to Bhāskara A name for the Sun meaning "The Light-Maker."; for those desiring knowledge, one turns to Maheśvara Shiva The "Great Lord," traditionally associated with the gift of supreme knowledge.; and for the prayer for the power and wealth of speech, one turns to Bhāratī Sarasvatī The goddess of learning and eloquence.. Each appears according to the specific deity invoked.

In this context, the Science of the Lights Jyotiḥśāstra The traditional term for Indian astronomy and astrology. is intended. The Sun alone is the presiding deity here, because the knowledge of the Science of the Lights is entirely dependent upon him. Even the sacred scripture Śruti says: "The Sun is the deity of the lights." Or, in this text, it is understood that a salutation to the Sun is effectively a salutation to the Vedas, to Brahmā, and to Rudra Shiva, because he contains all three within himself.

As it has been said:

Salutations to Savitṛ The Sun as the progenitor or stimulator of life., the sole eye of the universe, the embodiment of the three Vedas Trayīmaya, the bearer of the three qualities Triguṇātman The qualities of Sattva (purity), Rajas (activity), and Tamas (inertia)., whose self is Viriñchi Brahmā, Nārāyaṇa Viṣṇu, and Śaṅkara Śiva.

In the Science of the Lights, it is established that the Sun is the primary agent. And thus:
"You are Vāsudeva Viṣṇu, the Supreme Brahman; the Sun is your manifest form. You are the Supreme Person Puruṣa, the determination of reality..." The text here begins to reference the "twenty-five" principles of the Samkhya philosophy.