Abu Bakr ibn Al-Tufail: The author's full name, often shortened to Ibn Tufayl. British Museum: Indicating the book's later provenance in the national library of the United Kingdom.

11. J d

THE SELF-TAUGHT PHILOSOPHER

OR

THE EPISTLE

OF ABI JAAFAR,

IBN TUFAYL original: "Ebn Tophail"; a 12th-century physician and philosopher from Islamic Spain (Al-Andalus).

CONCERNING

HAYY IBN YAQDHAN. The title character's name literally means "The Living One, son of the Awake." This serves as an allegory for the human soul and the divine intellect.

6. 7. a

The page features two distinct marks side-by-side. On the left is the woodcut seal of the University of Oxford, depicting a shield with an open book between three crowns; the book is inscribed with the words "WISDOM AND HAPPINESS" original: "SAPIENTIA ET FELICITAS", and the shield is surrounded by the motto "UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD" amidst decorative mantling. To the right is a stamped octagonal library mark with a double border containing the text "BRITISH MUSEUM" original: "MVSEVM BRITANNICVM".