The Philosophy of Roger Bacon

the rest

On the side, earth and water are [defined] either by their weight or by their place; the contrary is the heaven original: "celum" because there is one [nature] there, or it is light leue; in medieval science, "levity" is a positive force of upward movement, not just the absence of weight. It is said immediately concerning the contrary, which is the center of the world medium mundi; the geometric center of the universe, which Aristotelians believed was the natural destination for the heaviest element, earth, the place "downward"; it is clear that the center does not locate nor contain [anything], and therefore it is not a place According to Aristotle, "place" is the inner boundary of a containing body. Since a center point is a mathematical location and not a physical container, it technically does not meet the definition of a "place.". But if one were to draw a complete plane twice—and therefore it is said twice that there is so much gravity of water and earth—it would be space located something? here [where] these things are made. For there is much space located there in the five [regions], from which he proves why it is not a place promises as mentioned, [having] many contrary sides and being nearby, which is said in relation to the world. Because for the sake of the gathering original: "coium" for coitum of water or the [heavenly] borders, it acquires a place. And it is well said... for this reason.

Because, proceeding, it is said that it is called the gathering of water because it is heavy, or it is called everything that is rightly an element. And what is heavy is located because it descends to a lower place, and so it is the opposite of the light. But it is true that it is not a place [for them] above, nor is it light, and therefore it does not belong to this which is located upward, as of the heaven it is light, but it has [affinity] for the [uniformity] of the world and its position, toward which they are distant between themselves and the light. And this is through the distances because they are more distant due to contrariety, just as... much... But in opposition, if water were earth, it would not [move] but would rest by nature, because that motion or is said to be upward. In the first in motion also, it will be light because it is said through the water that if it were moved upward, it would be lighter; they are things which it is said would not be by force or of the celestial things word but because it is light. And therefore it would move, but since the element which is pulverized toward motion again toward rest, because that is the motion here. This is the first, and through it, toward straight motion motus rectus; straight-line motion, characteristic of the four earthly elements, as opposed to the circular motion of the heavens. Because toward motion from time, and therefore it would be more, for it would be moved in straight motion because anything in its place is moved again with straight motion and yet it would not rest through quietude in its place, nor on account of the summit, but because they are [natural], but another because they contend... as much as it is more moved by straight motion because of that reason, but rather + and therefore it would choose, for nature does what is better is which is now at hand; because it is not said that time is told according to the heaven and the world within, if it were in this orb. It would not rest there, but would be moved toward the center. The world, in its other bodies, is that in which it rests from motion, and toward motion between the heavy in the contrary place downward. Wherefore, because it is light, when however it is in contrary places above where they are [meant] to hold, or it is that the earth does not flee from the heaven because of their rest where it still [remains].

original: "q[uonia]m p[ri]m[u]m"; because first... (a catchword for the following page)