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The Wonder of Calculation (Karana Kutuhala) (Unknown) - Page 10 - Source Library

The Wonder of Calculation (Karana Kutuhala)

Bhaskara II · Unknown

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English

Table of Contents

Section 1: Mean Planetary Positions

Subjects	Page Numbers
1. Auspicious Invocation original: "मङ्गलाचरणम्"; a traditional opening prayer to Ganesha or a deity to ensure the successful completion of the work	1
2. Calculation of the Total Elapsed Days original: "अहर्गण"; the total number of days passed from the chosen epoch (1183 CE) to the date of calculation	2
3. Epochal Constants original: "क्षेपकाः"; the specific planetary positions recorded at the exact moment of the epoch	4
4. Calculation of the Mean Sun, Mercury, and Venus	5
5. Calculation of the Mean Moon	8
6. Calculation of the Apogee original: "उच्च"; the point in a planet's orbit furthest from the Earth	9
7. Calculation of the Nodes original: "पात"; the points where a planet's orbit crosses the ecliptic	9
8. Calculation of Mars and the "Fast Apogee" of Mercury original: "शीघ्रोच्च"; a concept in ancient Indian astronomy used to account for the heliocentric motion of planets from a geocentric perspective	9
9. Calculation of Jupiter	10
10. Calculation of the "Fast Apogee" of Venus	10
11. Calculation of Saturn	11
12. Mean Motion of the Planets	11
13. The Prime Meridian original: "सुमध्यरेखा"; the reference line for longitude, traditionally passing through Ujjain	12
14. Procedure for Longitude Correction original: "देशान्तरसंस्कार"; a correction applied to adjust calculations based on the observer's distance from the prime meridian	12
15. The "Seed" Correction for Planets original: "बोजसंस्कार"; a periodic observational correction applied to mean positions to ensure they match actual sightings	13

Section 2: True Planetary Positions


1. The "Slow" Apogee original: "मन्दोच्च"; related to the eccentricity of an orbit, similar to aphelion	18
2. The "Fast" Apogee original: "शीघ्रोच्च"; related to the planet's movement relative to the Sun	19
3. Positive and Negative Values of the "Slow" and "Fast" Anomalies	19
4. Calculation of Sine and Cosine Components original: "भुजकोटि"; the base and perpendicular components of an arc used in trigonometry	20
5. Clarifying the Slow Apogee of Mars and other planets	20
6. Calculation of Sines original: "ज्यासाधनम्"; the method for determining sine values used in planetary corrections	21
7. Calculation of Arcs	22
8. Calculation of the Equation of the Center original: "मन्दफल"; the correction required to find a planet's true position based on its elliptical orbit	23
9. Finding True Rising from Mean Solar Rising similar to the modern Equation of Time	24
10. The Resultant Motion of the Sun and other planets	24
11. Calculation of the Equation of Conjunction for Mars and other planets original: "शीघ्रफल"	25
12. Understanding the True Motion of Mars	26
13. Clarification of Planetary Velocity	27

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