## The Summary and Order of the Work.

¶ In the First part of this book, the contents written below are contained.

¶ Chapter One.
What Cosmography is, and how it differs from Geography and Topography.
What Hydrography is.
What Lorography is. original: "Lorographia." This likely refers to Chorography—the description of specific regions—which Apian treats elsewhere as the third branch of geography.

¶ Chapter Two.
Into how many spheres the entire universe itself is divided.
Concerning the order, motion, and number of the spheres.

¶ Chapter Three.
What a sphere is.
What the Axis of the sphere is.
How many major circles of the sphere there are.
What the Horizon is.
What the Meridian circle is.
What the Equinoctial circle the Equator is.
What the Zodiac circle is.
What the Ecliptic line is.
How many signs are in the Zodiac.
By which characters symbols the names of the Signs and Planets are to be noted.
What the Colure of the Solstices is.
What the Colure of the Equinoxes is.
How many minor circles of the sphere there are.
What the Tropic of Cancer is.
What the Tropic of Capricorn is.
What the Arctic circle is.
What the Antarctic circle is.

¶ Chapter Four.
Concerning the five celestial Zones and just as many

regions of the earth.
Concerning the globosity roundness of the earth.

¶ Chapter Five.
Concerning the Parallel circles.

¶ Chapter Six.
Concerning the Climates. In historical geography, "climata" referred to latitudinal bands defined by the length of the longest day of the year, rather than just weather patterns.

¶ Chapter Seven.
What the Longitude of the earth is.

¶ Chapter Eight.
What the Latitude of the earth, or the Elevation of the pole, is.

¶ Chapter Nono.
How the altitude of the pole is to be investigated.
In what way the degree of the sun—that is, in which degree the sun moves on a certain day—is to be examined.
How the altitude of the pole is to be observed at any hour of the day.
How the pole in the sky is to be found without a teacher of this art.
How the hour of the day is to be searched out from the solar rays.
How the hour of the sunrise and sunset in the whole world is to be inquired into.
How the quantity of the artificial day and night the "artificial day" refers to the time from sunrise to sunset, as opposed to the 24-hour "natural day" is to be computed.
How the beginning and end of twilight, both evening and morning, is tracked.

¶ Chapter Ten.
How the Longitude of a region or town is to be determined from an Eclipse of the Moon.
How the same Longitude is to be grasped with the Astronomical Staff the Jacob’s Staff or cross-staff, used to measure angles between stars from the fixed stars and the motion of the Moon.