The Sun Treatise

...by not doing so, in our understanding, a very significant portion of the entire calculation has been omitted, which leads to a very important conclusion.”......

“But what is the actual truth regarding our theory? We find that it provides us with the Dhruvankas Astronomical constants or mean longitudes at a specific epoch of the planets. When the errors in their positions are examined using the method described above, it becomes clear that these constants were not determined with the intention of knowing their exact sidereal original: "naxtrika"; positions measured relative to the fixed stars positions at any given time. On the contrary, they provide evidence that in the 10th or 11th century CE, an attempt was made to accurately determine the position of the planets specifically in relation to the position of the Sun. The exact timing of this is also doubtful because there is great variation in the times when the error is considered zero. In the history of Sanskrit literature, it is as certain as anything can be that the Surya-Siddhanta The "Sun Treatise," one of the most important ancient Indian texts on astronomy existed long before that time. References and excerpts from other astronomical texts also reveal that there were several variations of the text by this name. We have already seen above (in verse 6)—which is not a very vague piece of information—that the current text does not contain exactly the same constants that were originally attributed to the first Surya-Siddhanta. Therefore, what could be closer to the truth than the inference that the Beeja original: "Beej"; literally "seed," referring to the correction factors applied to traditional astronomical formulas to align them with observed reality calculations made for corrections in the 10th or 11th century were incorporated into the original work by replacing only four or five verses? Thus, while the relative errors of the other planets point to the time when this Beeja refinement was made, the absolute error of the Sun reveals the nearly true age of the original book.”

“In our table, the time of the Sun's zero error is 250 CE. There is no need to place too much emphasis on the precision of this date, as it depends on the accuracy of the observation with which the Sun's position was first determined and then referenced from that point which is called the starting point of the celestial cycle. It was impossible to observe with the naked eye exactly when the center of the Sun, according to its mean motion, was ten minutes original: "kala"; a minute of arc, or 1/60th of a degree east of the junction star of Revati The 27th and final lunar mansion (Nakshatra) in the Indian zodiac, Zeta Piscium. It is clear that the points of the zodiac determined by the Hindus from this point contain significant errors. If even a one-degree error is made in determining the Sun's position, it can cause a difference of 425 years in the calculated time of zero error.”