Now, the rule for the Multiplication of Fractions.

The product of the numerators divided by

the product of the denominators is the result in the multiplication of fractions. ॥ 28 ॥

original: "chedavadhena vibhakto'ṃśavadho bhinne phalaṃ guṇane." This is the standard rule we use today: (a/b) × (c/d) = (ac)/(bd).

Example.
Friend, what is the result when five units increased by one-third are multiplied by four units increased by one-eighth? Also, tell me the product of two units diminished by [four] fifth-parts, multiplied by one unit increased by two-thirds? ॥ 10 ॥
The poet asks for two calculations: (5 + 1/3) × (4 + 1/8) and (2 - 4/5) × (1 + 2/3). In Indian mathematics, "rūpa" refers to a whole unit or integer.

Statement. original: "Nyāsa." This marks the formal setup of the mathematical problem. Multiplier: 33/8. Multiplicand: 16/3. When multiplied, the result is 22/1.
Math check: 5 1/3 = 16/3 and 4 1/8 = 33/8. (16/3) × (33/8) = 528 / 24 = 22.

Statement. 5/3 | 6/5. The result is 2/1.
Math check: 1 2/3 = 5/3 and 1 1/5 = 6/5. (5/3) × (6/5) = 30 / 15 = 2.

Thus ends the Multiplication of Fractions.

Now, the rule for the Division of Fractions.

Having performed the reversal of the numerator and

denominator of the divisor, the method is as before.

To divide by a fraction, you "flip" the second fraction (the divisor) and then multiply, just as in modern arithmetic.

Example. The statement of the previous products and their respective multipliers:

33	22		5	2
8	1		3	1

When the division is performed, the two original multiplicands are produced: 5 1/3 | 1 1/5.
This example "undoes" the previous multiplication to prove the rule. For the first case: 22 ÷ (33/8) = 22 × (8/33) = 176/33 = 16/3, which is 5 1/3.

Thus ends the Division of Fractions.

Now, the rule for the Square and Cube of Fractions, etc.

One should calculate the squares and the

cubes of both denominator and numerator; likewise for the roots as before. ॥ 29 ॥

To square or cube a fraction, you apply the operation to both the top and bottom numbers independently.

Example.
Of five units and one-third, tell me the square, and from that square, the root.
Then tell me the cube and from that cube, the cube-root—if, friend, you truly know fractions. ॥ 11 ॥

Statement. 16/3. The square produced is 256/9. From this, the square root is 5 1/3. The cube produced is 4096/27. From this, the cube root is 5 1/3.
Math check: (16/3)² = 256/9. (16/3)³ = 4096/27. The root of 256/9 is 16/3, which simplifies back to 5 1/3.

Thus ends the Squaring etc. of Fractions.