The Extraction of Determinations for Lunar Days

...[the previous page concluded discussing the tenth day] all [these lunar days] are indeed of this nature. Regarding the Gauri Vows Religious observances dedicated to the Goddess Gauri, even if only a single muhurta A traditional unit of 48 minutes of the previous day remains, the later day should be chosen; this is the opinion of Madhava Madhvacharya, a 14th-century scholar and high minister of the Vijayanagara Empire. Every Fourth Day Sanskrit: Chaturthi, with the exception of the Ganesha Vow, should always be the later one.

In the case of the Ganesha Vow, the fourth day joined with the third should be chosen, or the day that covers midday Sanskrit: Madhyahna; many Ganesha rituals are specifically performed at noon should be taken; otherwise, the later day is superior according to Madhava. However, regarding the Gauri-Fourth Vow, even if the midday is covered on both days, the earlier day is preferred, as stated in the Viramakautuka and the Nirnaya Sindhu Two authoritative texts on religious law and timing. Similarly, the fourth day known as Sankata original: Sankaṭā; the "Crisis-Remover" Fourth, dedicated to Ganesha should be chosen when it occurs on two days; if it is absent on both, the earlier day is used.

The Fifth Day Sanskrit: Pañchamī dedicated to Lakshmi Goddess of wealth is the earlier one. If it falls in the bright fortnight Sanskrit: Shukla-paksha; the waxing half of the month, it follows the rule of Somadri. Madhava states that all Fifth days should be the earlier ones. However, for the Serpent Vow original: Nāgavrata; Naga Panchami, the later day is chosen; otherwise, it is the earlier one, according to the Nirnaya Sindhu.

The Sixth Day Sanskrit: Ṣaṣṭhī, except for the Skanda Vow Vow to the war god Kartikeya, is always the later one. The Seventh Day Sanskrit: Saptamī is always the earlier one according to all authorities. The Eighth Day Sanskrit: Aṣṭamī is indeed the eighth; in the bright fortnight, it is better, according to Madhava. [Text regarding the Saraswati ritual] is the later one. The Ninth Day Sanskrit: Navamī is always the earlier one according to all authorities.

The Tenth Day Sanskrit: Daśamī is earlier than the eighth, and better in the bright fortnight according to Madhava. However, Kamalakara The author of the Nirnaya Sindhu argues that the tenth joined with the ninth should be taken. If that is impossible, the tenth day present at sunrise Sanskrit: Audayiki should be taken, according to the Nirnayamrita.

The following verse defines the divisions of the morning:
"Five units is the dawn Sanskrit: Ushas; seven and a half units is the rosy dawn Sanskrit: Arunodaya; eight and a half units is the morning Sanskrit: Prataha; the remainder is known as the sunrise."

Determination of the Eleventh Day

Now begins the decision regarding the Eleventh Day Sanskrit: Ekādashī; a major day of fasting in Hinduism. It is of two types: the Pure and the Mixed. The Pure type is divided into three categories based on whether its duration is decreased, equal, or increased. These are further categorized by...