The Universal System of Astronomy, Part Two

Siddhānta Samrāṭ original: si. sā.; an abbreviation for the "Emperor of Siddhantas," a major astronomical work by Jagannatha Samrat

Through the path of the vertical line ūrdhvarekhā; a line perpendicular to the horizon, the light should enter. Just as the position of the solar center original: arkakendra and the node is determined, the sine of the zenith distance nabhabhājyā; the sine of the angle between the sun and the zenith and the visual correction dṛk-saṃskāra; parallax or observational adjustment must be applied. Through the hole located at the center kendra, the sun’s light enters the upper aperture.

Now, using a peg kīla, the lines are drawn on the instrument's surface. The degrees between the sky-line and the horizon represent the zenith distance natāṃśāḥ; the angular distance from the point directly overhead. The difference between the colatitude lambāṃśa and the zenith represents the altitude unnatāṃśa; the height of the sun above the horizon. In that calculation, the multiples of the nodes and the sine of the altitude original: unnatat-jyā are established as previously described.

For the purpose of the first calculation, if the hypotenuse of the circle cakrakarṇa; the radius of the instrumental circle is equal to sixty, and the vertical side koṭi; the cosine is sixty, then the distance between the two centers on the earth-line bhū-rekhā; the horizontal baseline is the gnomon śaṅku; the vertical pointer of a sundial.

The sum of the sine of the zenith distance nata-jyā and the hypotenuse karṇa provides the sine-segment jyā-khaṇḍa. If the view is seen through the aperture, it should be added or subtracted according to the progression of the celestial sphere gola. If in the desired sphere with an aperture, the measurement in fingers original: aṅgula; a traditional unit of length approximately 3/4 inch is taken toward the center. In the southern sphere dakṣiṇa gola; the celestial hemisphere south of the equator, Rama Possibly a scribe's name or a reference to a specific commentary the hole should be made at the front. With that as the auxiliary center, a thread sūtra is used to align the celestial circle gola-cakra. The position of the thread represents the earth-line bhū-rekhā, marking the path of the rays.