Jyotirvidabharanam (Kalidasa)

Astro. Commentary.

This is the first chapter, the Chapter on Measurement (1), of the Svabodhika original: "Self-Clarifying" commentary on the Jyotirvidabharana composed by Kalidasa. This commentary was written by Bhavaratna, who acts like a honeybee at the lotus-feet of his glorious and lordly teacher, the supreme leader of scholars.

May the auspicious Lord Shiva extend His grace. Salutations to the Goddess of Fortune. May the light of her majesty, which shines with a kindness that brings awakening, dispel the thick darkness of ignorance for people like us. It is no wonder that such grace exists in this world. (1)

Now, in the second chapter, the first verse is in the Shalini meter:

Whatever difference exists between the Solar Saura: based on the Sun's entry into zodiac signs and the Lunar Chandra: based on the phases of the moon measurements within a single year, that same amount becomes the intercalary intercalary: an "extra" period added to synchronize calendars, known as Adhika Masa or additional time. (36)

Thus ends the first chapter, the Chapter on Measurement, in the Jyotirvidabharana spoken by the great poet Kalidasa. (2)

Next, the author explains the reasoning behind the timing of various marriages and rituals for the benefit of the people. He begins with the definitions and nomenclature. (1)

The author says "Now" to indicate the sequence. First, he will state the definitions of the movements and actions associated with the Five Limbs of the Calendar Panchanga: the five components—Tithi (lunar day), Vara (weekday), Nakshatra (constellation), Yoga, and Karana. He does this so that when the time for various types of marriages and elephant-donations original: "hastya-tyaga-kale"; likely referring to royal gift-giving ceremonies or specific ritual timings arrives, there is a clear and correct understanding for the people. This involves identifying which influences are "Malefics" Khala: literally 'wicked' planets like Saturn or Mars and which are "Benefics" Saumya: literally 'gentle' planets like Jupiter or Venus, and how they affect the body. As the scholar Hemachandra original: "Hema"; referring to the famous 12th-century polymath says: "An omen or symptom is known by the change it brings to the body or its parts." (9)

Salutations to the Auspicious Shiva.