Lamp of the Determination of Lunar Days

That which pertains to the gods original: "daivam" and the ancestors original: "pitryam" is called the lunar time original: "tishyam," likely a variant or error for "tithi"; the day of the gods is the same. Fasting original: "upavasa", eating a single meal original: "ekabhaktam", a night meal original: "naktam", and unsolicited food original: "ayachitam" are the four types of dietary vows. || 61 ||

The ancestral rites are twofold, such as the ancestral duality original: "dvaitam" or the rituals performed on the Full or New Moon Parvana: A funeral rite or shraddha performed on specific lunar phases. vrucha? side. Having observed these, the determination of the lunar days original: "tishnya-nirnaya" regarding overlaps is now stated. || 62 ||

Now, the decision regarding fasting

The New Moon original: "adarsha" which continues into the afternoon is considered to "pierce" the first lunar day original: "pratipad". Even in the absence of that, if it pervades the evening original: "sayanha", it is considered for the fast. || 63 ||

Even in the absence of the specific lunar day, the ritual resolve Samkalpa: A formal declaration of intent made at the beginning of a Hindu ritual. should be performed early in the morning. Thus, if there is a threefold presence of the day, the observer of the vow should fast on the following day. || 64 ||

The first lunar day original: "pratipad" of the dark fortnight original: "krishna-paksha" which is "pierced" by the fast is the latter one. If it is complete on both days, the latter is spoken of as lasting for two muhurttas Muhurtta: A period of 48 minutes.. || 65 ||

In the dark fortnight, the earlier first lunar day is to be accepted for the fasting day. Regarding this decision on the first lunar day original: "pratipad", Madhava referring to Madhavacharya, the 14th-century scholar and author of the 'Kala-madhava' has spoken in this way. || 66 ||

Everywhere, a "pierced" day is considered blameworthy original: "nindya" and is not prescribed for the following day. However, a day pierced by five ghatikas Ghatika: A unit of 24 minutes; five ghatikas equal two hours. is also to be accepted...