Lamp of the Determination of Lunar Days

Tra original: "tra"; likely an abbreviation for a section or folio marker
...measure of Ghatikas Ghatika original: "ghatikā"; a traditional unit of time equal to 24 minutes. Even that [lunar day] should be observed on the preceding day; this is the prescribed rule for a fast Upavasa original: "upavasa"; a ritual fast that follows the Bhadra original: "bhadrā"; a specific astrological division of time used to calculate auspicious and inauspicious periods. || 11 ||

If a lunar day begins only after the Sunrise Suryodaya has passed, and it does not last for three Muhurtas Muhurta original: "muhūrtta"; a period of 48 minutes. Three Muhurtas (totaling 2 hours and 24 minutes) before sunrise is the standard requirement in Hindu calendrical science for a lunar day to be considered "valid" for that morning's rites on the previous day?. Even if that day is filled with the sun's presence, the earlier day is preferred for the fast of the Second Lunar Day Dvitiya, not the later one. || 12 ||

When the Second Lunar Day Dvitiya—which marks the beginning of months and other divisions—starts after the sun has already risen on the previous day: if it lasts for less than a Muhurta on that day, then the fast should be performed on the following day; otherwise, it is done on the earlier day. || 13 ||

Even if the phase lasts for a few Ghatikas on the day after the Sun Bhaskara original: "bhāskara"; one of the many names for the Sun, meaning "the light-maker" has set: for the purpose of the rule regarding the fast following the Bhadra, it is still the previous day that is prescribed. || 14 ||

When the lunar day completely skips the Morning Pratah and is joined with three Muhurtas on the following day, the Second Lunar Day should not be accepted for the fast at that time; even then, the previous day is taken. || 15 ||

Having completely skipped the morning, the day that is joined with three Muhurtas of the following day should be accepted by men...