Chapter - 1

That right vision is attained by intuition or by the acquisition of knowledge.

The soul, the non-soul, influx, bondage, stoppage, shedding, and liberation are the fundamental realities. (4)

original Sanskrit: "Jīvājīvāsrava-bandha-saṃvara-nirjarā-mokṣās-tattvam"

[ The soul, the non-soul, influx, bondage, stoppage, shedding, and liberation ]
1. Soul jīvaThe conscious, living essence.,
2. Non-soul ajīvaInanimate matter, space, and time.,
3. Influx āsravaThe flow of karmic matter into the soul.,
4. Bondage bandhaThe attachment of karma to the soul.,
5. Stoppage saṃvaraThe prevention of new karma from entering.,
6. Shedding nirjarāThe gradual removal of accumulated karma., and
7. Liberation mokṣaComplete freedom from the cycle of rebirth.
—these seven are the [ fundamental realities ] tattva.

These are categorized by name, representation, substance, and actual state. (5)

original Sanskrit: "Nāma-sthāpanā-dravya-bhāvatas-tan-nyāsaḥ"

[ By name, representation, substance, and actual state ] Through the use of name, representation (symbols), substance (potentiality), and actual state (current disposition), [ these are installed ]—meaning the seven realities and the path of right vision are understood and expressed in worldly interaction.

Glossary of the Seven Realities:
1. Soul (Jiva): The sentient element.
2. Non-soul (Ajiva): The non-sentient element.
3. Influx (Asrava): The cause of worldly existence through karmic intake.
4. Bondage (Bandha): The state of being tied to karma.
5. Stoppage (Samvara): The first step toward freedom.
6. Shedding (Nirjara): The purification process.
7. Liberation (Moksha): The ultimate goal of spiritual practice.