⚠Damaged manuscript fragment from Dunhuang. Large portions of the left and bottom edges are missing. Paper is brittle and stained. Contains a red archival library stamp.

Lexicon Fragment (Pelliot Chinois 4502)

This document is a phonetic dictionary. In ancient China, scholars used these to find the correct pronunciation, meaning, and poetic usage of characters. Pronunciation is often given using the "Fanqie" method: two characters are provided, where the first gives the initial sound and the second gives the rhyme and tone.

Mò [Northern Tribe] pronounced Mi-Ma original: 靡麻反 Máo [Banner] pronounced Wang-Ge original: 亡各反 Méi [Place Name] a town name in the Fengyi district Xú [Slow/Surname] pronounced Hu-Ji; means "different" or "separate" original: 胡及反 Jì [Sharp/Reap] to harvest; also pronounced Zi-Ru original: 子入反 Tú [Bitter Weed] pronounced Hu-Ji; a bitter vegetable original: 胡及反 Rú [Roots/Eat] pronounced Nai-Hu original: 乃胡反 Luò [Unreel/Network] pronounced Hu-Ge original: 胡各反 Nú [Inferior Horse] a horse Wú [State Name] the name of a kingdom; commonly written as 吳 Wú [Flying Squirrel] resembles a rat; also written as 鼯 Luò [River Name] the name of a river Shàn [Good]

Zhà [Swelling] name of a plant; one version says... Qiú [Jade] pronounced Xian-Qi original: 現琦反 Míng [Pest] an insect Xiáo [Place Name] a town name in Dongwan Gù [Manacles] shackles Ān [Monkfish] name of a fish Fù [Carry/Rely] a great transgression Cú [To Go/Die] pronounced Hu-Ming original: 胡明反 Zū [Straw Mat] a reed mat Lǜ [Polish] to grind or polish Lú [Black Soil/Vessel] pronounced Luo-Ming; a vessel, commonly written as 壚 original: 洛明反 Lú [Brazier] a large furnace Shǔ [Millet]

Kē [Wine Vessel] a type or category Dǐ [Whetstone] a stone that resembles jade Jiàn [To Spy] to look at; also written as 瞷 Qiān [Neck/Face] the head and cheeks; also written as 顅 Lú [Perch] name of a fish Lú [Bracket] the medlar tree; also the bracket atop a pillar Lú [Windlass] a pulley; the Rites of Zhou mentions this for binding large timbers Chù [Dismiss/Dark] extremely black Lú [Wine Stand] a wine counter original: 韓檮也; likely a reference to a specific historical term for a wine shop stand Lú [Cormorant] the cormorant bird Lú [Perch] name of a fish; continued later Lǚ [Thread] cloth Lú [Reed] King...

Lú [Surname/Black] a name Lú [Reed] reed grass Lú [Belly] the abdomen Lú [Perch] name of a fish Lú [Skin] skin; sound... Lǘ [Donkey] a beast Lǔ [Shield/Scaffold] name of a support frame... Lòu [Ulcer] a sore È [Palate] teeth Lú [Brazier] a fire vessel Lú [Reed] grass Lǜ [Ponder/Pasture] to shepherd Lǘ [Donkey] name of a beast Fú [Raft/Pillar] also a name for a part of a pillar... Lòu [Fistula] polyp/excess flesh; also a wasting disease Lì [Official] pronounced Ma-Mo original: 麻磨 Cú [To Die] pronounced Zuo-Gu; a commentary note original: 昨姑反注也 Cú [To Go] death

Wū [Alas] an exclamation Wū [Trowel] the character for a plasterer's trowel Wū [Stagnant] water that does not flow Wù [Duck] side/flank Gài [Shackle] iron shackle... Jiāo [Wren] the wren bird Xiāo [Melt/Arrow] an arrow... Shēng [Life] broad or wide Má [Hemp/Numb] hemp... Zǔ [Sacrificial Stand] also written as 且 Zǔ [Obstruct] hindered or difficult...

Yú [In/At] a name; also an exclamation of sighing Wǎn [Lush] pronounced Mo-Hui original: 莫惠反 Pù [Shop/Spread] pronounced Bo-Gu; means to spread out original: 博孤反舖也 Bǔ [Feed] the animal of the Shen hour referring to the monkey in the zodiac, or the feeding time Xǔ [Blow/Chew] to chew in the mouth... Gǔ [Swan] name of a bird Mǎn [Full] to be full; also a direction Mǎ [Agate] a stone resembling jade; also a name for a stone Yún [Grain of wood] a bridge Chún [Quail] the quail; also named "Qing He" Zhuī [Turtledove] the turtledove bird Wū [Crow]

Kuà [Stride] to stretch open; also follows from "to bind" original: 括; also written as 恗 Gū [Wheel] rhythmic or even time Yōng [Ordinary] level or even Zhèn [Suppress/Town] from the Shuowen Jiezi dictionary Bù [Fear] warmth, fear, or ease; also to endure Yuè [Surpass] to run Kuí [Thoroughfare] a main road; also wood Yú [In/At] pronounced Yu-Hu; also written as... Chǎn [Shovel] to split or carve Méi [Place Name] name of a location Shū [Pour/Express] to clap hands; also...

Zhù [Manifest/Place] pronounced Ding-Ru; a grand color original: 丁茹反 Dū [Gate Tower/Monk] also pronounced Shi; means a thief Zhě [Ochre] pronounced Pu-Hu; also refers to beans original: 普胡反 Pù [Spread] to set up or arrange Xún [Sturgeon] name of a fish Bó [Shoulder/Arm] a horse's hoof Tòng [Pain] an illness Bǔ [Feed] to decline or wither Tú [Bitter Weed] pronounced Ta-Hu; also means ritual jade original: 他胡反 Yú [Armadillo] the "Yu" pattern Hū [Call] to call out Tú [Bitter Weed] pronounced Hu-Ji original: 胡及反 Qū [Hasten] to run Yuè [State Name] the land of...

Library Stamp: NATIONAL LIBRARY OF FRANCE - Pelliot - 4502 - MANUSCRIPTS

Qí [Navel] pronounced Zu-Kuo original: 祖括反 Kuài [Minced Meat] finely cut meat; also written as 臠 Mó [Demon/Grind] a fierce beast Jī [Ascend] to rise; also written as 齊 Zhāi [Fast/Study] excellent, sharp, or a child Qí [Equal] equal, without distinction original: 无丈七也; also written as 犂 Lí [Plow] a farming tool Wǔ [Corridor] a hallway or porch Mù [Evening] a synonym for millet-grass original: 蘼 Mí [Millet-grass] aromatic millet-grass

Yì [Prickly Ash] name of a flower weaving thorn; one definition says... Huò [Bean Leaves] black color Mián [Silk Floss] continuous; poor quality silk Jìn [Exhaust] resembles a squid, used as a drinking vessel Suì [Proceed] pronounced Xu-Yu; to walk or plow original: 徐余反 Xián [Composed] joyful Zhuó [Slander] teasing words; also... Huá [Noble Steed] a horse Qí [Piebald Horse] name of a horse Niè [Gnaw] tooth decay

Qī [Luxuriant] lush grass Qī [Chilly] clouds Qī [Cold] cold; the Classic of Poetry says "chilly and cold" Qī [Sorrowful] distressed or anxious Qī [Wife] kin... Jì [Shepherd's Purse] name of a plant

Zhuì [Swelling] a swelling disease; specifically from the abdomen Zhuì [Let Down] a grain or tiny piece Chuò [Sacrificial Offering] fragrant rice Chí [Spoon] a spoon or measure Chuí [Hammer] pronounced Zhi-Zi; to stop original: 至子反 Chuí [Whip] a whip or bamboo cane Chuí [Weight] a whip; also written as a handle Zhuì [Fall] to drop

Yù [Bay] a name Yún [Bamboo] the "Yun" stone Jiàn [Flatter] to scold Cuō [Stumble] to guard; also Tuí [Compliant] also Jì [Stack of Grain] a pattern; also to order... Ní [Child/Limit] also written as 倪 Kuí [Crossroads] a path 𡰂 [Impassable] greatly impassable Zé [Undergarment] short clothing

...? Kuì [Gift] a rite or gift Dī [Dike] also written as 隄 Tiè [Orderly] original... Tí [Topic/Forehead] the head Xián [Leisure/Barrier] to guard; also Lì [Bamboo Flute] wine and heavenly rites Xí [Black Horse] name of a yellow horse with a black mane Wěi [Right] this is correct Tí [Silk] fine silk Tāo [Sash] thick... Zhì [Young] distinguished by people Dài [Belt] measure/degree Dī [Black Stone] a stone

...? Tí [Purest Cream] also written as 醍 Dī [Dike] also written as 隄 Dī [Dike] good Dì [Kick] a person... Tāo [Sash] deep harmony Zuì [Crime] a deer Note: This is an unusual or variant definition, possibly archaic or a specific regional usage Pí [Drum] a small drum Xiǎo [Dawn] pronounced Wu-Shi original: 五視反 Qiáo [Lift/Tail Feathers] bird tail feathers... Qiáo [Nimble] also... Náo [Clamor] clamorous words... Ráo [Plentiful] abundant Rào [Wind Around] to wrap around