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for Volume Five of the Mustard Seed Garden Manual of Painting
original: "芥子園畫傳卷之五目錄" (Jieziyuan Huazhuan Juan Zhi Wu Mulu). This volume is part of the first series of the manual, dedicated to landscape painting.
original: "宮紈式" (Gongwan shi). These are traditional round or oval fans made of fine silk, a format that requires a specialized approach to composition compared to rectangular scrolls.
| In the style of Li Songnian original: "李松年" (Li Songnian), also known as Li Song, a Southern Song dynasty court painter famous for his detailed architectural and figure paintings. | Painted by Hu Changbo original: "胡長伯" (Hu Changbo). | Painted by Tang Liuru Poem by Xu Wenchang Tang Liuru is the famous Ming dynasty artist Tang Yin (Tang Bohu); Xu Wenchang is the alias of the eccentric painter and poet Xu Wei. |
| Li Longmian's Immortals' Mountain Pavilions original: "李龍眠" (Li Longmian), the sobriety-styled Northern Song master Li Gonglin. "仙山樓閣圖" describes a classic landscape of ethereal palaces in the mountains. | Painted by Lan Tianshu Poem by Gao Yong Lan Tianshu is Lan Ying, the last great master of the Zhe School. | Painted by Li Xianxi Poem by Wang Mojie Li Xianxi is the great Northern Song master Li Cheng; Wang Mojie is the Tang dynasty poet-painter Wang Wei. |
| Painted by Wang Shuming original: "王叔明" (Wang Shuming), referring to Wang Meng, one of the Four Masters of the Yuan Dynasty known for his dense, "ox-hair" brushstrokes. | Painted by Mi Youren Poem by Wu Yangao Mi Youren continued the "Mi Family Cloud" style of misty landscapes established by his father, Mi Fu. | Painted by Ni Yunlin Including his own poem Ni Yunlin is Ni Zan, the Yuan master famous for his minimalist, sparse landscapes reflecting a reclusive spirit. |
| Painted by Guo Zongcheng Imitated by Xiao Yuncong Guo Zongcheng refers to the Yuan painter Guo Bi; Xiao Yuncong was a prominent early Qing painter known for his idiosyncratic dry-brush style. |
original: "摺扇式" (Zheshan shi). Folding fans became popular in the Ming dynasty; their radiating ribs and curved shape present unique challenges for landscape perspective.
| Li Yingqiu's Withered Trees Studied by Shixi Li Yingqiu is Li Cheng. Shixi is the monk-painter Kuncan, one of the "Four Monk Painters" of the early Qing. | Painted by Fan Kuan Poem by Zhou He Fan Kuan was a Northern Song master known for his monumental, majestic mountain compositions. | Huang Zijiu's Green Parasol Trees and Verdant Peaks Copied by Sheng Bolin Huang Zijiu is Huang Gongwang, the eldest of the Four Yuan Masters; Sheng Bolin refers to Sheng Mao. |
| Painted by Mi Yuanzhang Imitated by Gao Fangshan; Calligraphy by Dong Qichang Mi Yuanzhang is the eccentric Mi Fu. Gao Fangshan is Gao Kegong. Dong Qichang was the most influential art theorist and calligrapher of the late Ming. | Painted by Lei Li Including his own poem | Painted by Wen Yuke Poem by Meng Dongye Wen Yuke is Wen Tong, the famous Song dynasty painter of bamboo; Meng Dongye is the Tang poet Meng Jiao. |
| Painted by Ke Jiusi Including his own poem Ke Jiusi was a Yuan dynasty specialist in bamboo and old trees. | Painted by Wang Shuming Poem for "Tianchi's Shattered Wall" by Gao Jing Referring again to Wang Meng. "Tianchi" (Heavenly Pond) is a famous scenic spot on Mount Lu. | Su Dongpo's Withered Wood, Bamboo, and Stone Copied by Qian Changjun, including his own poem Su Dongpo is the polymath Su Shi; his style of "scholar's painting" emphasized expressive ink play over formal likeness. |
| Painted by Wang Mojie Including his own poem Wang Wei is traditionally regarded as the founder of the Southern School of landscape painting. |
original: "橫長各式" (Hengchang geshi). These refer to landscape compositions designed for horizontal handscrolls or album leaves, emphasizing the expansive breadth of the scenery.