Map of the Western Regions (Continued)

Great Desert of the Northwest original: 西北大磧 (Xibei Daqi). Likely referring to the vast Gobi or Taklamakan deserts.

Central Asian City-States and Oasis Kingdoms

Suyab City original: 碎葉城 (Suiye Cheng). An important Silk Road city in modern Kyrgyzstan and the reputed birthplace of the Tang poet Li Bai.
Jubiansong City
Kabuthan original: 迦布德建 (Jiabudejian). A state in Sogdiana, near modern Samarkand.
Yutieshi State, namely Nautaka original: 御鐵石國即耨特. Nautaka was an ancient region in Sogdiana.

Ancient Lake of Fergana original: 古大宛池 (Gu Dayuan Chi). Referring to the region of modern Uzbekistan/Kyrgyzstan, famous in Chinese history for "heavenly horses."
Jini State
Fanla
Mude Land

Eastern An
Central An
Western An The "An" (Peace) states likely refer to the various principalities of the Bukhara region in Sogdiana.
He Kingdom original: 何國 (He Guo). Identified as Kushania in Central Asia.
Sesi
Daguan
South Mu Kingdom
Eastern Kingdom
Great Kingdom
Namely the Turks original: 即突厥 (Ji Tujue). A note identifying the inhabitants or rulers of these northern territories.

The Mountain Passes and Northern India

Iron Gate Pass original: 鐵門關 (Tiemen Guan). A famous narrow pass between Samarkand and Balkh.
Lampa original: 濫波. Modern Laghman in Afghanistan.
Nagarahara original: 那揭. Near modern Jalalabad.
Gandhara original: 乾陀羅. An ancient kingdom in modern Pakistan/Afghanistan, famous for its Greco-Buddhist art.
Gandhara Alternative phonetic spelling: 健馱
Purushapura original: 布路. Modern Peshawar.
Taxila original: 咀叉. A major ancient center of learning.
Simhapura original: 僧訶.
Urasha original: 烏剌.
Shrughna original: 窣祿.
Sindhu original: 信度. The Indus River region.
Gandhara Alternative spelling: 健陀
Bahlika original: 縛喝. Modern Balkh.
Taxila Alternative spelling: 呾叉
Arbuda original: 遏部.
Mt. Vila original: 尾羅山.

The Buddhist Heartland (Central India)

Shravasti original: 室羅伐悉底. A major city in ancient India where the Buddha spent much time.
Kapilavastu original: 迦毘羅衛. The childhood home of Gautama Buddha.
Ramagrama original: 藍摩.
Kushinagar original: 拘尸那. The site where the Buddha attained Parinirvana (passed away).
Varanasi original: 婆羅痆斯. The holy city on the Ganges.
Kaushambi original: 拘睒彌.
Magadha original: 摩揭陀. The powerful ancient kingdom where the Buddha attained enlightenment.
Champa original: 瞻波.
Samatata original: 三摩呾. Located in the Bengal delta.
Kala
Punna
Kajangala original: 羯朱.
Punna
Hiranyaparvata original: 伊爛.
Kajura original: 佉闍.
Punna
Matipura original: 秣底.
Poluo
Lule

Southern and Western Frontier Regions

Tonglvren
Bingjian
Songli
Kashyapa original: 迦葉. Likely named after the disciple of the Buddha.
Brahma original: 梵.
Vila
Mali
Dunyana
Sazuona
Jibin original: 罽賓. Historically referring to Kashmir or the Kapisa region.
Western India

India original: 天竺 (Tianzhu). The general Chinese term for the Indian subcontinent.
Sanyong
Namely Central India, where the Ancient Buddha Law resides
Vara
Northeast of India
Great Snow Mountains original: 大雪山 (Da Xueshan). The Himalayas.
Nule
Bengal, namely East India original: 榜葛剌 (Banggeila).
North