Collected Illustrations of the Three Realms

original: 三才圖會 (Sancai Tuhui). This Ming dynasty encyclopedia was intended to categorize all known knowledge across the realms of Heaven, Earth, and Humanity.

Human Affairs, Volume 3

Page 3

Genealogical Chart of the Later Liang Dynasty

The Later Liang (907–923 CE) was the first of the "Five Dynasties." It was founded by Zhu Wen after he forced the last Tang emperor to abdicate.

Grand Ancestor, Zhu Wen Posthumously known as Taizu. A former rebel leader who rose to become a powerful warlord before seizing the throne.
└── Prince Xian, Yougui Zhu Yougui; he took the throne after assassinating his father, Zhu Wen, but was soon overthrown by his brother.
└── The Last Emperor, Zhen Zhu Zhen, also known as Zhu Youzhen. He was the final ruler of the Later Liang, committing suicide when the Later Tang armies captured his capital.

Genealogical Chart of the Later Tang Dynasty

The Later Tang (923–937 CE) was the second of the Five Dynasties. Its rulers were of Shatuo Turkic descent and claimed to be the legitimate successors to the original Tang dynasty.

Grand Ancestor and Martial Emperor, Keyong Li Keyong (Taizu/Wudi). A Shatuo chieftain and Tang loyalist. Though he never reigned as emperor in life, his son granted him these posthumous titles.
├── Solemn Ancestor, Cunxu Emperor Zhuangzong. A brilliant military commander who defeated the Later Liang and formally declared the Later Tang dynasty.
└── Illustrious Ancestor, Dan Emperor Mingzong. An adopted son of Li Keyong, he was a highly respected ruler who oversaw a period of relative stability.
├── Emperor Min, Conghou The third son of Mingzong. His reign was brief and ended in a coup.
└── Prince of Lu, Congke An adopted son of Mingzong. He seized the throne from Emperor Min and became the final ruler of the Later Tang.