The Kingdom of Panduranga

Collected Illustrations of the Three Realms: Volume 11, Humanity

The Kingdom of Panduranga original: "Bintonglong guo." is a dependency of Champa original: "Zhan Cheng." Panduranga was one of the constituent principalities of the Champa federation, located in what is now south-central Vietnam.. The King of Champa selects a person to serve as the local ruler. When this ruler travels abroad, he rides upon an elephant or a horse, sheltered by a red parasol A traditional symbol of high rank and royalty throughout Southeast Asia.. He is followed by a retinue of a hundred attendants who carry shields and cry out "Ya" or "Pu" likely phonetic transcriptions of local titles; "Pu" may correspond to the Cham title "Po," meaning "Lord" or "Sovereign." in a rhythmic chant.

For their meals, the people use leaves to hold their food and drink. They consume coconut wine and rice wine. Every year, the kingdom sends a tribute of local products to Champa.

Buddhist scriptures state that Rajgir original: "Wangshe Cheng," literally "City of the Royal Abode." This was a major city in ancient India and a frequent residence of the Buddha. is actually located in this land. It is said that even now, the foundations of the house of Maudgalyayana original: "Mulian," one of the Buddha's most prominent disciples, renowned for his "supernatural powers." This reflects a "transposed geography" where Chinese travelers or local converts identified Southeast Asian landmarks with famous Indian Buddhist sites. still remain there.