Collected Illustrations of the Three Realms: Architecture

original: "Xi." In traditional Chinese cartography, orientation can vary; here, "West" is indicated on the left side of the map to help the viewer navigate the Imperial City's layout.

original: "Sheji Tan." This was one of the most significant ritual complexes in Beijing, situated to the west of the Meridian Gate. The Emperor would come here twice a year to perform sacrifices to She (the god of the earth) and Ji (the god of the five grains) to ensure a bountiful harvest and the stability of the realm. The altar was famously tiered and covered with earth of five different colors—red, yellow, blue, white, and black—symbolizing all the lands under the Emperor's rule.

The accompanying illustration depicts the fortified walls and corner towers of the Imperial City. The "Shejitan" (Altar of Land and Grain) is shown as a distinct, walled enclosure filled with stylized cypress trees, many of which were centuries old and lent the site an air of ancient solemnity.