Collected Illustrations of the Three Realms: Implements, Volume 4

The Bronze Gong

original: 金鉦 (Jīnzhēng); a flat, circular percussion instrument

It resembles a bronze plate and is suspended. It is struck to regulate the rhythm of the music.

The Bronze Nao Bell

original: 金鐃 (Jīnnáo); a hand-bell used in ritual and military contexts

It resembles a brazier original: 火斗 (huǒdǒu); a vessel used for holding hot coals or ironing and has a handle. It is made of bronze to form the frame, and its upper portion is shaped like a bell. It contains a pellet inside. By grasping the handle and shaking it, it produces a sound like "nao-nao" onomatopoeia for a clanging or shouting sound. It is used to signal the drums to stop.