Diagram of the Grand General’s Procession and Road-Clearing

original: "清道" (Qingdao). These units preceded the general to announce his arrival and clear the path of civilians or obstacles.

original: "鳥" (Niao). These represent banners featuring bird motifs, likely the Five Birds (Wuniao) which corresponded to the five directions and elements, acting as spiritual and tactical guides.

original: "門旗" (Menqi). These large flags marked the "gates" of the mobile headquarters, defining the secure perimeter around the commanding officer.

original: "引步皷" (Yinbu gu). Literally "drums to lead the steps." These drummers set the marching pace for the infantry to ensure the formation remained cohesive.

The Grand Standard (大旗, Daqi) is the central focal point of the entire army, identifying the general's exact location. It is flanked by Corner or Flank Flags (角旗, Jiaoqi).

Summoning Flagoriginal: "招" (Zhao). A specialized banner used specifically to call subordinate officers to the general for orders.
Command Flagsoriginal: "令旗" (Lingqi). These were smaller, portable flags used to authenticate an order; an officer carrying this flag spoke with the general's absolute authority.

The Escort Guards (護兵, Hubing) are positioned in tiers to provide a multi-layered defense for the high-ranking officers and their vital signaling equipment.