Volume 1

original: 塘 (táng). These refer to the tangbao or scout posts. These men were responsible for reconnaissance and maintaining a perimeter around the camp or formation.

original: 教 (jiào). Likely signaling officers or drill instructors who relay the commander’s "instructions" (orders) through the formation.

original: 親兵 (qīnbīng). The "Kinsmen Troops" or elite bodyguards directly attached to the general’s person.

original: 攔後 (lánhòu). Literally "block the rear." These troops prevented desertion from the front and protected the command center from flanking maneuvers.

Poison Jaroriginal: 毒罋 (dúwèng). An earthenware vessel filled with gunpowder and toxic substances (like arsenic or noxious herbs). When detonated, it released a cloud of poisonous smoke to incapacitate the enemy.

Galloping Horseoriginal: 走馬 (zǒumǎ). Short for "Galloping Horse Mine" (走馬神機). A mobile explosive device or a triggered trap designed to be used against cavalry or charging infantry.

original: 崩器 (bēngqì). Fragmentation mines or explosive traps designed to "shatter" and cause structural collapse or heavy shrapnel damage.

original: 竹板 (zhúbǎn). Spiked bamboo boards or protective coverings used to conceal pit traps or slow down an enemy's advance.