Collected Illustrations of the Three Realms: Volume on Ceremonial Systems, Part 2

A woodblock print diagram illustrates a ceremonial space or court layout. It shows the spatial arrangement of officials and ritual positions within a rectangular frame. The original Chinese text follows a traditional vertical orientation.

original: "Zhiban" (知班). An official responsible for organizing and overseeing the order of the ranks during the ceremony.

original: "Zanli" (贊禮). A ceremonial usher who calls out the ritual steps for participants to follow.

original: "Anwu fang" (案物方). This is the designated space or table where local products and gifts brought by visitors are displayed.

This marks the station for the ritual orchestra and musicians.

original: "Fanshi baiwei" (番使拜位). These are specific markers on the floor where envoys perform ceremonial bows and prostrations.

original: "Yinban" (引班). These officials guide the various groups to their proper places. The repetition in the diagram indicates positions on both the left and right sides of the central path.

original: "Zhanjian guan" (展箋官). The official responsible for opening and presenting the formal memorial or diplomatic letter.

original: "Xuan fangwu" (宣方物). The official tasked with publicly announcing the list of tribute items being presented to the sovereign.

original: "Xuanjian guan" (宣箋官). The official who reads the contents of the diplomatic letter aloud during the audience.