The Treatise on Military Strategy states: Regarding the barbarians residing and grazing outside the borders of the Ji Garrison One of the "Nine Garrisons" of the Ming Dynasty, responsible for the defense of the Great Wall section stretching from Shanhaiguan to the area near Beijing.,

The chieftain Chang-ang is of the Doyan Three Guards The Doyan (Uriankhai), Taining, and Fuyu guards were Mongol tribal groups that acted as a strategic buffer between the Ming Empire and the Northern Mongol tribes. They often participated in the Ming tributary system.; his tribe numbers more than thirty thousand people.

Chang-ang is deceased. His younger brother Mangjin’er survives. His eldest son, Baihongda, is also deceased; his second son, Laihongda, survives.

Baihongda is deceased. He fathered six sons:
The eldest son, Hamushi, survives;
The second son, Qianzhishi, survives;
The third son, Wanshi, survives.