Illustrated Gazetteer of the Maritime Kingdoms, Scroll 3

Asia also transliterated as Mubaitou original: "木白頭" (Mubaitou). An archaic Jesuit transliteration of "Asia." includes the kingdoms of Turkey also transliterated as Duluji original: "都魯機" (Duluji). and Judea a land belonging to the Islamic holy cities of Mecca and Medina The text groups Judea under the broader Ottoman/Islamic sphere of influence common in 19th-century Chinese worldviews..

These are all great nations of this continent. Within the seas are massive islands called Ceylon that is, the mountains of Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Java this refers to Kelapa Modern-day Jakarta., also known as Lesser Java, and Brunei that Brunei is an island proves the common claim that Pattani original: "大泥" (Dani). is Brunei is an error. There is also Luzon near the island of Taiwan and the Moluccas written as Mugéláng or Meiluoju in the Illustrated Explanation of the Whole World original: "坤輿圖說" (Kunyu Tushuo), a world geography by the Jesuit Ferdinand Verbiest published in 1674.. Furthermore, there are various islands in the Mediterranean Sea which also fall within the boundaries of this continent.

The Middle Kingdom China. occupies the southeast of this continent. Its latitude, measured by the height of the North Pole above the horizon, begins in the south at Qiongzhou Hainan Island. at eighteen degrees and reaches north to Kaiping and surrounding areas at forty-two degrees.

Spanning from south to north, it covers twenty-four degrees, a distance of six thousand li A traditional Chinese unit of distance, roughly 500 meters.. Its east-to-west extent is roughly the same. It is situated nearly ninety thousand li away from the Atlantic Ocean original: "大西洋" (Daxiyang). In this context, it refers to the sea route to Europe.. From the beginning of history, there was no communication between them, but rumors from across the seas referred to our land by the respectful title of Dazhina original: "大知納" (Dazhina). A transliteration of "China," likely derived from the Sanskrit Cīna or Persian Chīn via European sailors.. Within the last hundred years, Western ships have come and gone to exchange goods, finally opening the route...