Illustrated Gazetteer of the Maritime Kingdoms, Volume 4

Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms: Southeast Asia, Maritime Kingdoms I

Page 3

In the region of Hue Harbor, there were originally three countries: one called Quang Nam Also known as Cochinchina, the southern region of Vietnam., one called Cambodia Transliterated as Ganbodie., and one with a different name. Tonkin The northern region of Vietnam. also includes two small states that are dependencies of Cambodia: Laos and Champa Transliterated as Laoshi and Qiongba.. Cambodia

The territory borders Quang Nam and is likely the Panduranga An ancient kingdom of the Cham people, transliterated as Bintonglong. mentioned in the History of the Ming Dynasty, bordering the ancient Yu with seven hundred and seventy-four cities. These are essentially the small nations along the coast east of Quang Nam.

In the year 1774 the 39th year of the Qianlong reign, because the King of Quang Nam, Quang Trung Likely referring to the displacement of the Nguyen Lords; however, historical records often distinguish between the Tay Son leader Quang Trung and his rival Nguyen Phuc Anh., was young and met with disaster, he fled to a sea island with his remaining officials. There he met the French teacher Pigneau de Behaine Transliterated as Atelan, referring to the Bishop of Adran.. They shared a bond of friendship, and motivated by righteous indignation, they went to France to request military assistance. It happened that France was then in a period of unsettled national strife A reference to the onset of the French Revolution., and several years passed before they were able to obtain warships to assist in the restoration of the kingdom. In 1790 the 55th year of the Qianlong reign, they destroyed their enemies and recovered the nation.

Translator’s Commentary: This record claims that the usurpation of the young King Quang Trung of Annam occurred in 1774 and the recovery of the kingdom using Western troops occurred in 1790. However, this matches neither the mid-16th century revenge against the Mac dynasty by Le Duy Tu, nor the 1802 event where Nguyen Phuc Anh The future Emperor Gia Long. used Siamese Thai. troops to destroy the Nguyen The Tay Son rebels.. In 1790, it was actually Nguyen Quang Binh Also known as Nguyen Hue, the Tay Son Emperor. who usurped the throne from the Le family, causing the Le to flee to China for refuge...